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RS GCSE > Christianity: Beliefs and Teachings > Flashcards

Christianity: Beliefs and Teachings Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Omnipotence

A

All-Powerful

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2
Q

Define Omnibenevolence

A

All-Loving

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3
Q

Define Omniscience

A

All knowing

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4
Q

Define Transcendent

A

Beyond human concept/understanding

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5
Q

Define Cataphatic description

A

describing something the way it is

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6
Q

Define Apophatic description

A

describing something the way it isnt

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7
Q

Quotes saying God is omnipotent/transcendent

A

Noah’s Ark, Genesis: ‘Let there be light’ and ‘The Almighty is beyond our reach and exalted in power’ - Job 37:23

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8
Q

Quotes saying God is loving/fair

from john and job

A

‘My father’s house has many rooms’ - John 14:2

‘in his justice and great righteousness, he does not oppress’- Job 37:23

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9
Q

What is the evidential problem of evil

A

Evil is so overbearing the value of any lessons learnt aren’t hence evil cant be the creation of a God with omniscient, omnibenevolent qualities

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10
Q

What is the logical problem of evil

A

How can an all-loving,all-powerful God allow suffering

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11
Q

What is the inconsistent triad

A
  • If God is omnibenevolent he would want to remove evil and suffering
  • If God is omniscient to would know how to remove evil and suffering
  • If God is omnipotent he would be able to remove evil and suffering
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12
Q

Define evil and suffering

A

Evil - when a malicious action has a deep negative impact on someone’s life

Suffering- The state of undergoing pain or hardship

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of evil

A
  • Natural Evil – suffering caused by natural disasters
  • Moral Evil – suffering caused by humans
  • Metaphysical Evil – suffering because we live, sickness, death
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14
Q

Define Theodicy

A

Argument which defends the probability of an omnipotent and omnibenevolent God in the face of evil in the world

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15
Q

Summarise Iraneaus’ Theodicy

A
  • Men created imago dei and have to develop to God’s likeness
  • world was a ‘soul-making place’ and evil had divine purpose to make us better.
  • Book of Job would support this
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16
Q

What is a quote that supports Iraneaus’ Theodicy

A

Genesis 1:27

So, God created man in his own image

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17
Q

Summarise Augustine’s Theodicy

A
  • Augustine believed evil was not created by God and is a ‘priavtion of good’ and is a result of orignial sin
  • As all humans are ‘seminally present in the loins of adam’
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18
Q

What is a Quote that supports Augustine’s Theodicy

A

Romans 5:12

Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, and in this way, death came to all men, because all sinned

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19
Q

Where are the origins of the devil

A

Found in the Apocrypha (hidden esoteric of questionable authenticity) as Lucifer was too proud to bow to humans so fell to earth

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20
Q

How is Satan mentioned in the Bible

A

Satan is only mentioned when he tempts Jesus for 40 days and Jesus recites bible verses to resist temptations

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21
Q

What quote implies Satan is leading people to commit sin

A

1 Peter 5:8

Be sober-minded; be watchful. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.

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22
Q

What is the Holy Trinity

A

It is Son ,Father and the Holy Spirit. 3 Aspects of One God

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23
Q

What quote supports the Holy Trinity

A

“Thou shalt have no other gods before me.’ Second Commandment

‘Therefore, go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit’ Matthew 28:19

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24
Q

What are the Characteristics of the Father

A

Creator, Loving, Transcendent, In heaven, Judge

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25
Q

What are the Characteristics of the Son

A

Fully Human and Fully God, God Incarnate, Immanent

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26
Q

What are the Characteristics of the Holy Spirit

A

God’s presence on earth, ‘Moved by the Holy Spirit’ feeling of god symbolised. Omnipresent, Eternal

27
Q

What are the 3 different interpretations of the Bible

A
  • Bible is the absolute truth
  • Bible is divinely inspired so some parts are true some parts are not
  • The Bible has a spiritual message and is trying to spread the message of God
28
Q

What is the Big Bang Theory

A

that a singularity expanded to form everything

29
Q

What is the evidence that supports the Big Bang Theory

A

Red shift – evidence of an ever-expanding universe so they’re must’ve been a singularity

Cosmic microwave background radiation- this energy was found everywhere, the energy came from the singularity

30
Q

Describe Genesis 1

A

God creates the world in 6 days in the order of:
- Light, Sky, Land, Sun Moon Stars, marine and airbourne,Animals that live on land and humans

And then rested on the seventh day

31
Q

Describe Genesis 2

A

Adam was made from the ‘dust of the ground’ when God breathed life into him

Eve was created out of one of Adam’s ribs to provide company and help for Adam

32
Q

What are the 3 main points of both Genesis stories

A
  • God made everything ex nihilo
  • God made everything good
  • God made humanity as the high point of creation
33
Q

Difference of Genesis and Big Bang

A
  • Order: in Genesis land and seas come before the sun
  • Timeline: Genesis was in 7 days
  • Purpose: Genesis was made by God
34
Q

Similarities of Genesis with Big Bang

A
  • There was a beginning
  • The ‘Spirit of God hovering over the waves’ was maybe the singularity
  • Spiritual reading shows that the message is that God is the creator
35
Q

What was the Holy Spirits role in creation

A

‘The Spirit of God was hovering over the water.’ shows the eternal/omnipresent aspect of God

36
Q

What was the Son’s role in creation (2 quotes from John)

A

‘In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God. He was with God in the beginning. Through him all things were made.’ John 1:1

  • Scholars agree this refers to Jesus due to :

‘The word became flesh and made his dwelling among us’ John1:14

-This shows Jesus as Eternal

37
Q

What are the key Christian beliefs about Jesus

A
  • Jesus is the son of God and the Messiah
  • He is fully god and fully human
  • He was free of sin
  • His death was atonement for original sin
  • His ressurection +ascension shows an afterlife and he truly was the son of God
38
Q

What is the annunciation

A

the angel Gabriel’s delivery of the news of her impeding pregnancy to the virgin Mary

39
Q

Define Incarnation

A

a person who embodies in the flesh a deity spirit or quality

40
Q

Why is Incarnation important to Christians

A
  • Proves God is personal
  • Understands pain
  • Came to save us shows love
41
Q

Who was Jesus sentenced to death by

A

Pontius Pilate

42
Q

Why was Jesus wanted dead

A

Jews wanted him dead for Blasphemy and Romans wanted him dead for treason

43
Q

Who betrayed jesus

A

Judas by kissing him for silver pieces

44
Q

When was Jesus crucified

A

At the site of Golgotha on Good Friday

45
Q

How long did Jesus suffer for

A

6 hours and called out ‘My God,My God, why have you forsaken me?’ (Mark 15:34)

46
Q

What was the aftermath of Jesus’ Death

A

Temple Curtain ripped in two showing Jesus has opened a relationship with God to all people and atones

There was also darkness and earthquakes;’ saw the earthquake and all that had happened, they were terrified, and exclaimed, “Surely he was the Son of God!”’ (Matthew 25:47)

47
Q

Who asked for Jesus’ dead body to clean and put in a tomb

A

Joseph of Arimathea

48
Q

Who went to anoint Jesus on Sunday

A

The female disciples inc. Mary Magdalene found his body to have disappeared and angels told them ‘he has risen,he is not here’ Matthew 28:6

49
Q

Why is Resurrection/ascension important to Christians

A

Shows divinity of Jesus,shows how Good triumphs over evil by accepting Jesus. Acension shows Jesus is the way to God

50
Q

Define Personal Judgement

A

Personal Judgement- when someone dies and goes either to heaven or hell

51
Q

Define Collective Judgement

A

Judgement Day where all of humanity is judged

52
Q

What parable shows judgement

A

parable of the sheep and the goats ‘he will separate the people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats.’ Matthew 25:32

53
Q

What quote shows that jesus is the only way to heaven

A

‘I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the father except me’ John 14:

54
Q

Define Heaven

A

Christians as eternally being able to experience the presence of God

55
Q

What are different interpretations of Hell

A

eternally being away from God or real suffering due to sin ‘ye cursed into everlasting fire’ Matthew 25:41

56
Q

What do Christians believe in

A

Purgatory where souls are punished for their sins in life

57
Q

Define sin

A

action or thought that goes against God’s laws

58
Q

why do all humans commit sin

A

original sin which causes humans to do wrong. Original sin was born from Adam and Eve eating from the tree of knowledge

59
Q

Define Salvation

A

to be saved from sins and the consequences of it

60
Q

What is salvation through works and faith

A

faith in God and obeying Gods Law leads to heaven

61
Q

What is salvation through faith

A

salvation is given by God through faith in Jesus

62
Q

Quote that supports salvation through faith

from Ephesians

A

‘For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith… not by works, so that no one can boast.’ - Ephesians 2:8-9

63
Q

What is Jesus role in salvation

A

Jesus’ death makes up for the original sin committed by adam and eve so people can be brought back to God. Known as ATONEMENT

64
Q

Quote that shows atonement

A

• “He himself bore our sins” in his body on the cross, so that we might die to sins and live for righteousness; “by his wounds you have been healed.”- Peter 2:24

RS GCSE (5 decks)

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