Christianity Flashcards
Who emerged as the leader of the reform movement in the sixteenth century?
Martin Luther
What are the central sacraments in most forms of Christianity?
baptism and communion
The ecclesiastical court set up to investigate and suppress heresy was known as what?
The Diet of Worms
What invention by Johannes Guttenburg in the 1440s allowed the bible to become available for the population at large?
printing press
What contribution did John Wycliffe have to the Protestant Reformation?
first person to translate the Bible to English
What contribution did Jon Hus have to the Protestant Reformation?
highly influenced Wycliffe’s works
What contribution did Henry VIII have to the Protestant Reformation?
started the Church of England because he wanted his marriage annulled
What contribution did John Calvin have to the Protestant Reformation?
started Calvinism
What contribution did John Knox have to the Protestant Reformation?
brought reformation to the church in Scotland
founded the Presbyterian Church
What contribution did Huldrych Zwingli have to the Protestant Reformation?
swiss reformer
established church in Zurich
What contribution did Menno Sims have to the Protestant Reformation?
founder of the modern day Mennonites
led Anabaptist movements in Holland
List the four main Protestant Groups
- Lutherans
- Church of England (Anglican)
- “Reformed” Churches
- “separatist” sectarian groups
T/F
The Transfiguration was when Jesus climbed a mountain and Moses and Elijah appeared.
True
T/F
Passion narratives relate the dedication to the church of the early Christian disciples.
False
T/F
The various Orthodox churches are led by the Supreme Patriarch of Constantinople.
False
T/F
The Anglican Church broke away from the Eastern Orthodox Church.
False
T/F
John Calvin taught that salvation comes through good works alone.
False
T/F
The majority of the world’s Christians today are found in Europe and North America.
False
A major seat of Protestantism developed in Geneva under whom?
John Calvin
In the history of Christianity, the year 1054 is important because it was the year in which…
the first pope was made bishop of Rome
Reforms within the Roman Catholic church during the era of the Protestant Reformation were expressed principally in
the Council of Trent
What is the name for the Christian celebration of Jesus’ resurrection?
Easter
Evangelicals focus their Christianity on what experience?
being “Born Again”
Which of the following Christian denominations is a spirit-oriented movement?
Pentecostal
Archbishop Desmond Tutu is best known for what?
Fighting Apartheid
Fill in chart for Canonical Books of the Bible
Orthodox: 26 NT, 46 OT
Catholic: 27 NT, 46 OT
Protestant: 27 NT, 39 OT
Fill in chart for Importance of Sacred Scripture
Orthodox: tradition is the one source of divine revelation; scripture forms the oral part
Catholic: scripture + tradition are sources of divine revelation
Protestant: scripture alone is the only infallible guide and the final authority
Fill in chart for The Clergy
Orthodox: hierarchical w/ highest authority resting in a synod of bishops
Catholic: hierarchical w/ highest authority resting in the Pope
Protestant: no “hierarchy” but orders of clergy are present for the good of church order
Fill in chart for Apostolic Succession
Orthodox: literal tracing of ordinations back to one of the orig. 12 disciples; Church of Constantinople claims St. Andrew as the first Patriarch
Catholic: literal tracing of ordinations back to one of the orig. 12 disciples; Church of Constantinople claims St. Peter as the first Pope
Protestant: rejected by most but they emphasize continuity of teaching with that of the apostles
Fill in chart for The Church
Orthodox: the invisible Christ is made present through the visible unity of the bishop and the people
Catholic: each community is part of a universal organism
Protestant: there is an invisible church in heaven and a visible human church on earth which is contingent, relative and changing
Fill in chart for Papal Infallibility
Orthodox: papal infallibility is rejected
Catholic: the Pope is infallible when, through the Holy Spirit, he defines
Protestant: the only source of infallible is the Bible
Fill in chart for The Eucharist
Orthodox: through the descent of the Holy Spirit during the Liturgy the bread + wine change into the body + blood of Christ
Catholic: transubstantiation; the consecration becomes effective through the priest
Protestant: bread + wine are symbols, they don’t change in substance
Fill in chart for The Fall
Orthodox: image denotes our potential to be “God-like”; likeness is the extent to which ones potential is realized
Catholic: conditions inherited from the fall are transmitted through procreation
Protestant: total depravity; everyone born into the world is enslaved to the service of sin
Fill in chart for Consequences of Sin
Orthodox: we don’t inherit Adam’s guilt but the consequences of his sin
Catholic: conditions inherited from the fall are transmitted through procreation
Protestant: total depravity; everyone born into the world is enslaved to the service of sin
Fill in chart for Predestination
Orthodox: we have the free will to accept God’s salvation
Catholic: God knows one’s ultimate destination but doesn’t predetermine their path
Protestant: depending on the tradition, God predetermines some to heaven, some to heaven + hell or somewhere in between
Fill in chart for About Mary
Orthodox: “Theotokos”-the “bearer” or “Mother of God”; ever virginity; First among the saints
Catholic: “Theotokos”-free from original sin; isolated from her role in incarnation; devotions exclusively to Mary
Protestant: reject that Mary was sinless and the Dogma of Immaculate conception
Fill in chart for The Immaculate Conception
Orthodox: she was “pure” but inherited all the consequences of Adam’s sin
Catholic: from the first moment of her existence, she was filled with divine grace
Protestant: reject that Mary was sinless and the Dogma of the Immaculate conception
