Christianity Flashcards
1
Q
Origins?
A
- Originated from Judaism
- God promised a Messiah
- Christians believe that Jesus is the son of God/Messiah
2
Q
Beliefs
A
- God created the universe
- God loves His creation
- God is the Holy Trinity: God, Song, Holy Spirit
- The existence of salvation and eternal life
- The Last Judgement
3
Q
Jesus summary?
A
- Conceived of the Virgin Mary, the angel Gabriel came to her
- Mary and Joseph travelled to Bethlehem and had Jesus in a stable
- Shepherds and 3 Wise Men (with myrrh, frankincense, and gold) came to see him
- Baptised by John the Baptist (cousin)
- Fasted and prayer for 40 days in the desert being tempted by the Devil
- 12 Disciples
- Miracles, taught through parables
- Had Passover, welcomed with palm branches
- Last supper, bread= his body, wine= his blood
- Arrested while praying
- Taken to Pontius Pilate, sentenced to death (by crowd)
- Tortured, carried his crossed, nailed to it, crucified to death
- Laid in tomb, resurrected 3 days later
4
Q
Sacred text?
A
- Bible
- Old and New testaments
5
Q
Symbols?
A
Cross, Chi Rho, fish
6
Q
Cross?
A
Where Jesus was sent to die, a reflection of his love for us
7
Q
Chi Rho?
A
Representation of Jesus (P crossed with an X)
8
Q
Fish?
A
“Follow me and I will make you fishers of men”
- Represents the spread of the gospel
- Secret sign to identify Christians
9
Q
Sacraments?
A
Baptism, reconciliation, communion, confirmation, matrimony, ordination, anointing of the sick
10
Q
Christian prayer consists of?
A
- Individual and in groups
- Lord’s prayer recited by congregation at worship services
- Usually Catholics pray certain prayers with a rosary
11
Q
Christian communion consists of?
A
- Congregation shares ritual meal (emblematic of the Last Supper)
- Sacred
- Blessed wine and bread, blood and body of Christ
12
Q
Christian mediation and fasting?
A
- Read and reflect on the bible
- Encouraged to fast, pray, and mediation on religious experiences (brings them close to God)
- Fasting is repentance/helps participate fully to religious teachings
13
Q
Eastern Orthodox rituals?
A
- Cross themselves
- Light a candle
- Kiss icons of Jesus/religious figures
14
Q
Roman Catholic rituals?
A
- Dip two/three fingers in holy water, bless themselves with sign of the cross
15
Q
Describe Christmas
A
- Begins with Advent, four Sundays before Christmas
- Most celebrate December 25 (Orthodox/Byzantine rite celebrate January 7)
- Churches usually with manger scene
- Gift giving
- January 6, celebrate Epiphany (baptism of Jesus)
- “Manifestation”
16
Q
Describe Lent
A
- Two months after Christmas, forty days
- Ends with Holy week and Easter
- Fasting, prayer, spiritual self-assessment
- Ash Wednesday, marked on forehead with ashes to remind them they are mortals (turn to dust after death)
17
Q
Describe Easter
A
- Holy week begins on Sunday before Easter, Palm Sunday (holiest week)
- Holy Thursday= Last Supper
- Good Friday= solemn, the trail, crucifixion, death and burial of Jesus
- Easter Sunday= most holy celebrations, resurrection of Jesus
18
Q
Describe Saints Day
A
- Direct prayer + reverence to saints/holy people/martyrs who died for their faith
- Mary= special (mother of Jesus)
- Parades, other rituals
19
Q
Describe baptism
A
- Cleanses the soul to become Christian (removes original sin)
- Usually done of infants, Protestants for later
20
Q
Describe reconciliation
A
- Discussions of sins/struggles with priest/minister
- Orthodox, done after reconciliation with people those who have been wronged
21
Q
Describe holy communion
A
- Celebrates the Last Supper
- Drink the wine and bread to atone for sins (blood and body of Christ)
22
Q
Describe confirmation
A
- Attain full participation in church
- Usually done in adolescence
- Gifts given by Holy Spirit
- Orthodox, infant
- Sponsor brings person forward, anointed by oil by priest
23
Q
Describe matrimony
A
- Sacred vow in front of witnesses to be faithful to each other with God’s help
- Done by priest/minister
- Orthodox, crowned by priest before God, does triple procession around altar
24
Q
Describe ordination
A
- Prepare candidate with education and programs at colleges as cleric
- ## Those called to do God’s work filled with the Holy Spirit
25
Q
Describe anointing of the sick
A
- Clergy holds patient’s hand, anoints forehead with oil
- Prayers and communion for sick and dying
- Ritual for death= last milestone
26
Q
Describe the Protestant Reformation
A
- Second division of the church
- Founded by Martin Luther
- Challenged practices of church (they didn’t follow the bible)
- Called for inner faith, free from established traits/outward shows of devotion
- Excommunicated from church, established Lutheran church and Protestant reformation
27
Q
Describe Eastern Orthodox
A
- Distinct branch after “great schism” (Michael Cerularius)
- More philosophical, abstract, mysthical thinking (west=pragmatic, legal minded)
- Different views of use of images, nature of the Holy Spirit, and date of Easter
28
Q
Describe the Eastern Schism
A
- Christianity spread west into Europe
- Roman patriarch influenced increased, “pope”
- Disagreements over pope’s claimed authority over entire church
- Breaking point= filioque cause, Latin word put into Nicene creed by west church, added “and the son”
- Western church believed Father and Son sent forth Holy Spirit, Eastern believed power of the Holy Spirit only from God
- Schism= Eastern Orthodox (universal patriarch in Constantinople) and Western church (Pope in Rome)
29
Q
Who established Christianity?
A
Constantine, roman solider. Made it the official religion of Roman Empire
