Christian Counseling/Psych Midterm Flashcards
3 methods of influence
list and define
- Fear: seems to be effective only if the feared consequences are perceived as real
- Identification: influencer is a model. youth leads that dress and talk like young people
- Internalization: influencer is important; influence occur due to person is a trustworthy expert
Cognitive Dissonance is:
an inner tension resulting from the attempt to hold two contrasting thoughts at the same time
When Dissonance occurs the individual does what?
tries to relieve that tension by changing opinion, changing action, or adding new ideas to thinking
Describe self fulfilling prophecy
the expecting of something to happens in our relations with others make the expected mor likely to happen
Kohlberg has developed a theory of how:
children develop moral reasoning abilities
What is group think?
a group fails to evaluate ideas adequately because of the desire for agreement
Fowler developed a theory of what?
How faith develops
Proverbs stresses what as a necessary part of a child’s environment?
discipline
Lidz defines adolescence as what?
The period between puberty and physical maturity… the transition from childhood, initiated by the pre-puberty spurt of growth and impelled by the hormonal changes of puberty, to the attainment of adult prerogatives, responsibilities and self-sufficiency
What are som common problems in the preschool years?
tantrums, obesity, bed wetting, soiling, nail biting, fears and sleep issues, depression and stress
5 stages of Freud’s psycho sexual theory
oral anal phallic latency genital
how many stages of social and emotional development did Erikson identify?
eight
Erikson defines the key issue in infancy is what?
trust verses mistrust
What is the development focus of the toddler years?
Autonomy or shame
Myers identified three areas of consideration in social psychology they are:
- The way people think about one another
- How they influence on another
- How they relate to on another
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Piaget says cognitive development occurs as children…
Discover and learn to apply rules that govern interaction with the environment
School phobia can develop for what reasons?
over dependence up on mother
lack of exposure to other children
immaturity
What are three common problems in the school years?
death
grandparents
handicaps
Personality is what?
the ingrained pattern of behavior thoughts and feelings consistent across situation and time
How many theories of personality are there?
4
Psychoanalysis emphasized that individuals must work through what?
Conflicts
The primary defense mechanism of histrionic personalities is to what?
deny their own sinful thoughts feelings wishes and or motives when they become obvious to those around them.
T or F
Sigmund Freud believed that a person’s early interactions with his or her parents were the major factor that shaped an individual’s personality.
True
Carl Jung founded what?
analytical psychology
T or F
Freud vents his frustration in his book Future of Illusion, declaring that religion can be compared with neurosis (mental illness)
True
Who influenced Freud even more than his mother?
His nanny
Tell me about William James
He linked religious experience with self-acceptance, concern for others, and peak experiences
when the christian faith is allowed to transform believers completely what happens?
they become more Christ like and thus less prejudiced
T or F
Schaefer emphasized the need to ground young children in the word of God and teach them shy we believe what we believe. We must communicate Christianity in a way that any given generation can understand.
True
What are some problems that are spiritually based?
Lack of intimacy with God
the need to deal with a specific sin
demonic influence
In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, each level of need requires some degree of ___________ before the person can move on to the next higher lever of need
fulfillment
Allports theory of religious prejudice suggests that….
religious individuals are more prejudiced than non religious individuals
