chpter 29 neck and spine

Question 1

air embolism

Answer 1

a bubble of air in the bloodstream

Question 2

ataxic (AY-taks-ic) respirations

Answer 2

a pattern of irregular and unpredictable breathing commonly caused by brain injury

Question 3

autonomic nervous system

Answer 3

controls involuntary functions.

Question 4

central nervous system

Answer 4

the brain and the spinal cord.

Question 5

central neurogenic hyperventilation

Answer 5

a pattern of rapid and deep breathing caused by injury to the brain.

Question 6

Cheyne-Stokes (CHAY-ne) breathing

Answer 6

a distinct pattern of breathing characterized by quickening and deepening respirations followed by a period of apnea.

Question 7

contusion

Answer 7

in brain injuries, a bruised brain caused when the force of a blow to the head is great enough to rupture blood vessels.

Question 8

dermatome

Answer 8

an area of the skin that is innervated by a single spinal nerve.

Question 9

foramen magnum

Answer 9

the opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes from the brain.

Question 10

herniation

Answer 10

pushing of a portion of the brain downward toward the foramen magnum as a result of increased intracranial pressure.

Question 11

intracranial pressure (ICP)

Answer 11

pressure inside the skull.

Question 12

malar

Answer 12

the cheekbone. Also called the zygomatic bone.

Question 13

mandible

Answer 13

the lower jawbone.

Question 14

maxillae

Answer 14

the two fused bones forming the upper jaw

Question 15

neurogenic shock

Answer 15

a state of shock (hypoperfusion) caused by nerve paralysis that sometimes develops from spinal cord injuries.

Question 16

pulmonary embolism

Answer 16

a blockage in the blood circulation of the lung caused by a blood clot or air bubble

Question 17

spinal motion restriction

Answer 17

the immobilization of the spinal column as if it were a single bone to prevent movement of individual vertebrae.

Question 18

spinous process

Answer 18

the bony bump on a vertebra.

Question 19

temporal bone

Answer 19

bone that forms part of the side of the skull and floor of the cranial cavity. There are right and left temporal bones.

Question 20

temporomandibular joint

Answer 20

the movable joint formed between the mandible and the temporal bone, also called the TMJ

Question 21

The three sections of the Glasgow Coma Scale​ (GCS) include:

Answer 21

motor response