chpter 26 soft tissue trauma

Question 1

abrasion

Answer 1

scratch or scrape

Question 2

amputation

Answer 2

the surgical removal or traumatic severing of a body part, usually an extremity.

Question 3

avulsion

Answer 3

the tearing away or tearing off of a piece or flap of skin or other soft tissue. This term also may be used for an eye pulled from its socket or a tooth dislodged from its socket.

Question 4

bandage

Answer 4

any material used to hold a dressing in place.

Question 5

closed wound

Answer 5

an internal injury with no open pathway from the outside.

Question 6

contusion

Answer 6

a bruise

Question 7

crush injury

Answer 7

n injury caused when force is transmitted from the body’s exterior to its internal structures. Bones can be broken; muscles, nerves, and tissues damaged; and internal organs ruptured, causing internal bleeding.

Question 8

dermis

Answer 8

the inner (second) layer of the skin found beneath the epidermis. It is rich in blood vessels and nerves.

Question 9

epidermis

Answer 9

the outer layer of the skin.

Question 10

full thickness burn

Answer 10

a burn in which all the layers of the skin are damaged. There are usually areas that are charred black or areas that are dry and white. Also called a third-degree burn.

Question 11

hematoma

Answer 11

a swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as a result of an injured or broken blood vessel.

Question 12

laceration

Answer 12

a cut.

Question 13

occlusive dressing

Answer 13

any dressing that forms an airtight seal.

Question 14

open wound

Answer 14

an injury in which the skin is interrupted, exposing the tissue beneath

Question 15

partial thickness burn

Answer 15

a burn in which the epidermis (first layer of skin) is burned through and the dermis (second layer) is damaged. Burns of this type cause reddening, blistering, and a mottled appearance. Also called a second-degree burn.

Question 16

pressure dressing

Answer 16

a dressing applied tightly to control bleeding.

Question 17

puncture wound

Answer 17

an open wound that tears through the skin and destroys underlying tissues.

Question 18

rule of nines

Answer 18

a method for estimating the extent of a burn. For an adult, each of the following areas represents 9 percent of the body surface: the head and neck, each upper extremity, the chest, the abdomen, the upper back, the lower back and buttocks, the front of each lower extremity, and the back of each lower extremity. The remaining 1 percent is assigned to the genital region. For an infant or child, the percentages are modified so 18 percent is assigned to the head, 14 percent to each lower extremity

Question 19

rule of palm

Answer 19

a method for estimating the extent of a burn. The palm and fingers of the patient’s own hand, which equals about 1 percent of the body’s surface area, is compared with the patient’s burn to estimate its size.

Question 20

subcutaneous layers

Answer 20

the layers of fat and soft tissues found below the dermis.

Question 21

superficial burn

Answer 21

a burn that involves only the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. It is characterized by reddening of the skin and perhaps some swelling. A common example is a sunburn. Also called a first-degree burn.

Question 22

universal dressing

Answer 22

a bulky dressing.

Question 23

shrapnel

Answer 23

Secondary injury is the result of projectiles. such as debris hitting the patient

Question 24

blast wave LEADS TO

Answer 24

leading to open and penetrating wounds

Question 25

Tertiary

Answer 25

third level injuries occur if the patient is thrown by the blast.

Question 26

pressure wave; overpressure

Answer 26

primary injuries occur because of the intense high pressure and blast winds that hit the patient