Chpt.6b Flashcards
26 Which statement accurately describes the feeding habits of both male and female Tsetse flies a) Both exclusively feed on blood b) Both feed on blood though females primarily c) Both feed on plant nectar and juices d) Males feed on blood females on plant nectar
Explanation While both sexes of the Tsetse fly feed on blood females rely heavily on it for producing offspring The excerpt mentions that both male and female Tsetse flies feed on blood However it also notes Males and females both feed on the blood of a variety of mammals and birds but females in addition feed on the blood of a few species of mammals and birds
27 In what type of environment are Tsetse flies most commonly found a) Arid deserts b) Savannah areas forests and marshes c) High altitude mountainous regions d) Coastal areas
Explanation The source mentions that Tsetse flies are frequently found in savannah areas forests and marshy areas implying a preference for environments with some level of moisture and vegetation
28 What is a key characteristic of the Glossina species that makes controlling their populations challenging a) They have a very short lifespan b) They reproduce at an extremely rapid rate c) They give birth to live young which reduces the vulnerability of the early life stages d) They are highly resistant to most insecticides
Explanation Unlike many other flies that lay eggs Tsetse flies are viviparous meaning they give birth to live young This offers a level of protection to their offspring making control measures that target eggs or larvae less effective
29 What is the primary mode of transmission for African trypanosomiasis a) Consumption of contaminated food or water b) Bite of an infected Tsetse fly c) Direct contact with an infected individual d) Inhalation of airborne parasites
Explanation African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is spread through the bite of an infected Tsetse fly This fly acts as a vector carrying the Trypanosoma parasites that cause the disease
30 What is the causative agent for West African sleeping sickness a) Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense b) Trypanosoma brucei gambiense c) Both a and b d) Neither a nor b
Explanation The excerpt states that both T b gambiense and T b rhodesiense cause sleeping sickness but their geographic distribution differs It also points out that there are two subspecies of T brucei gambiense found in West Africa
31 Which of the following is characteristic of East African sleeping sickness a) Chronic course of disease b) Primarily affects humans c) More acute and often fatal within a year d) Transmitted by T brucei gambiense
Explanation The excerpt describes East African sleeping sickness as a more acute form of the disease with a higher mortality rate It highlights that it can result to death in less than a year and involves major game animals as reservoir hosts
32 Besides blood what other bodily fluids can be used to diagnose trypanosomiasis a) Saliva b) Urine c) Cerebrospinal fluid d) Sweat
Explanation The source mentions that diagnosis of trypanosomiasis can be achieved through examination of peripheral blood bone marrow lymph nodes or cerebrospinal fluid
33 Which drug is primarily used in the treatment of late-stage trypanosomiasis especially when the nervous system is involved a) Suramin b) Pentamidine c) Melarsoprol d) Ivermectin
Explanation The excerpt explicitly states that Melarsoprol is used for late cases of trypanosomiasis especially when there are neurological complications
34 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a control measure for trypanosomiasis a) Use of insecticides b) Trapping of Tsetse flies c) Vaccination of susceptible populations d) Environmental manipulation to reduce fly breeding habitats
Explanation The excerpt outlines several control measures for trypanosomiasis including the use of insecticides traps and environmental management techniques However it does not mention vaccination as a viable option
35 What feature of a house fly’s mouthparts makes them well-suited for feeding on a wide variety of substances a) Sharp piercing mandibles b) Elongated needle-like proboscis c) Sponging mouthparts adapted for sucking up liquids and semi-liquids d) Powerful grinding molars
Explanation The excerpt describes house flies as having mouthparts proboscis adapted for sucking up fluid or semi fluid foods These sponging mouthparts allow them to easily feed on diverse food sources including liquids semi-liquids and even partially dissolved solids
36 What is the primary role of the hairs on a house fly’s body a) Sensory perception b) Camouflage c) Mechanical transmission of pathogens d) Thermoregulation
Explanation The text emphasizes the role of house flies in mechanical transmission of pathogens The hairs on their body can easily pick up and transport disease-causing organisms
11 Microfilariae of Loa loa are typically found in the peripheral blood of their host a) Throughout the day and night b) During the day c) Only at dawn and dusk d) Only during the rainy season
Explanation The excerpt states that Microfilariae of Loa loa are found in the peripheral blood of man during the day especially in the morning hours
12 How is the third stage larvae L3 of Loa loa transmitted to humans a) Through contaminated water b) Through direct skin contact c) By the bite of a Chrysops species fly d) By eating undercooked meat
Explanation The text explains that the L3 larvae of Loa loa are transmitted to the body of the host through the punctured skin by a Chrysops species fly
13 Tsetse flies are classified within which genus a) Tabanus b) Chrysops c) Musca d) Glossina
Explanation The excerpt explicitly states that Tsetse flies belong to the genus Glossina
14 What makes Tsetse flies unique compared to many other fly species a) Their exceptionally large size b) Their ability to transmit malaria c) Their viviparous reproduction d) Their preference for feeding on carrion
Explanation The text highlights that Tsetse flies are viviparous meaning they give birth to live young rather than laying eggs
15 What is the primary disease vector role of Tsetse flies a) Transmission of yellow fever b) Transmission of African trypanosomiasis c) Transmission of dengue fever d) Transmission of filariasis
Explanation The excerpt directly links Tsetse flies to the transmission of African trypanosomiasis also known as sleeping sickness
16 Which form of Trypanosoma is responsible for the long slender form found in the bloodstream of a mammalian host a) Epimastigote b) Trypomastigote c) Amastigote d) Promastigote
Explanation The excerpt states that the Trypanosoma found in the bloodstream of a mammalian host is in the trypomastigote form
17 What is the typical duration of trypanosomiasis infection in West Africa a) Chronic b) Acute c) Latent d) Intermittent
Explanation The text specifically describes trypanosomiasis in West Africa as a chronic disease that lasts for many years
18 The enlargement of what organ is associated with the late stage of trypanosomiasis infection a) Liver b) Heart c) Spleen d) Kidney
Explanation The excerpt states that spleen enlargement is a characteristic symptom of the late stage of trypanosomiasis infection
19 Which drug is used to treat early-stage trypanosomiasis a) Melarsoprol b) Suramin c) Ivermectin d) Diethylcarbamazine
Explanation The text mentions that Suramin along with pentamidine is used for the treatment of early-stage trypanosomiasis cases20 The stable fly belongs to which genus a) Glossina b) Stomoxys c) Musca d) Chrysops
58 What is the recommended method for removing Lucilia or Calliphora maggots from wounds a) Irrigation with saline solution b) Application of topical antibiotics c) Using sterile forceps d) Leaving them to emerge naturally
Explanation The excerpt states that maggots can easily be removed from wounds using sterile forceps and the wounds dressed This highlights the importance of aseptic technique in wound management59 Lucilia species also known as green bottle flies are notable for their preference for what type of environment a) Dark enclosed spaces b) Decaying environments c) Areas with high humidity d) Places with abundant vegetation
60 Lucilia sericata has recently been found to be useful in what medical application a) Antibiotic production b) Pain management c) Wound healing d) Suture development
Explanation The source notes that research has shown that Lucilia sericata has properties that promote wound healing The use of sterile maggots in wound care known as maggot debridement therapy is gaining recognition for its effectiveness
61 What characteristic makes Cochliomyia hominivorax New World screwworm a particularly dangerous myiasis producer a) It transmits a potent venom when it bites b) It lays a massive number of eggs leading to rapid infestation c) It is an obligate myiasis producer meaning it requires a living host for larval development d) It can survive in a wide range of environmental conditions making it difficult to control
Explanation The source specifically states that Cochliomyia hominivorax is an obligate myiasis producer This means its larvae must develop within a living host making it a serious threat to animal and human health
62 Which feature helps to distinguish Cochliomyia hominivorax from other blowflies a) Its bright green coloration b) Its greenish-blue metallic colour with orange-yellow head c) Its exceptionally large size d) Its hairy legs
Explanation The excerpt describes Cochliomyia hominivorax as having a greenish-blue metallic colour and an orange-yellow head These distinct color characteristics help to visually identify this species
