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Bio 154 > Chpt 7 Morphology Of Aginosperms , Stems And Leaves > Flashcards

Chpt 7 Morphology Of Aginosperms , Stems And Leaves Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. Which of the following best describes the focus of plant morphology?a) Plant geneticsb) Plant organ forms and featuresc) Photosynthesisd) Plant reproduction
A

Answer: b) Plant organ forms and featuresExplanation: Plant morphology deals with the study of the forms and features of plant organs like roots stems leaves flowers fruits and seeds.

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2
Q
  1. Which of the following factors most influences variations in plant structuresa) Genetic factors onlyb) Ecological factors onlyc) Both genetic and ecological factorsd) Environmental factors only
A

Answer: c) Both genetic and ecological factorsExplanation: Variations in plant structure can be influenced by both genetic and ecological factors as they interact in the development of plants.

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3
Q
  1. Which of the following is a structural adaptation in plants?a) Change in leaf color for attractionb) Modified stem for supportc) Root formation during rainy seasond) Leaf size adjustment for photosynthesis
A

Answer: b) Modified stem for supportExplanation: Structural adaptations involve physical changes to plant parts such as modifications in stems or roots to enhance survival.

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4
Q
  1. What is the primary function of lenticels in plants?a) Photosynthesisb) Gas exchangec) Water storaged) Seed production
A

Answer: b) Gas exchangeExplanation: Lenticels are specialized pores in the stem of plants that facilitate gas exchange particularly oxygen and carbon dioxide.

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5
Q
  1. Which plant organ is involved in phytoremediation?a) Rootsb) Stemsc) Leavesd) Flowers
A

Answer: a) RootsExplanation: Roots play a role in phytoremediation by absorbing pollutants from the soil.

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6
Q
  1. What characteristic of Hibiscus leaves is most prominent for its identification?a) Free lateral stipulesb) Palmately reticulate veinsc) Serrate margind) Acute apex
A

Answer: b) Palmately reticulate veinsExplanation: Hibiscus leaves have palmately reticulate venation which is a key identifying feature.

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7
Q
  1. What is the primary medicinal use of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Zobo)?a) Treatment for malariab) Treatment for hypertensionc) Treatment for stomach ulcersd) Treatment for sore throat
A

Answer: b) Treatment for hypertensionExplanation: Hibiscus sabdariffa is commonly used to treat hypertension among other ailments.

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8
Q
  1. Which of the following is true about the leaves of Citrus sinensis (Sweet Orange)?a) Simple leaves with net venationb) Pinnate venationc) Simple leaves with parallel venationd) Compound leaves with reticulate venation
A

Answer: a) Simple leaves with net venationExplanation: Sweet Orange leaves are simple and exhibit net venation which is a typical feature in dicots.

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9
Q
  1. The prickles on the stem of Rosa sp. are examples of which modification?a) Modified rootsb) Modified leavesc) Modified epidermisd) Modified stems
A

Answer: c) Modified epidermisExplanation: The prickles on the stem of Rosa sp. are modified epidermal structures typically for protection.

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10
Q
  1. In Rosa sp. what type of leaf arrangement is observed?a) Oppositeb) Alternatec) Whorledd) Decussate
A

Answer: a) OppositeExplanation: Rosa sp. has opposite leaf arrangements meaning two leaves arise at the same level from opposite sides of the stem.

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11
Q
  1. Which of the following features is characteristic of Gmelina arborea?a) Palmate venationb) Opposite decussate leaf arrangementc) Spiny branchesd) Terminal buds
A

Answer: b) Opposite decussate leaf arrangementExplanation: Gmelina arborea exhibits opposite and decussate leaf arrangements.

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12
Q
  1. Which plant organ in Gmelina arborea helps with gas exchange?a) Petioleb)Lenticelsc) Rootsd) Leaves
A

Answer: b) LenticelsExplanation: Lenticels are present on the stem of Gmelina arborea and assist with gas exchange.

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13
Q
  1. Which plant part of Gmelina arborea is described as having a serrate margina) Petioleb) Leafc) Stemd) Flower
A

Answer: b) LeafExplanation: The leaves of Gmelina arborea have serrate margins which means they have saw-tooth edges.

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14
Q
  1. The fruit of Citrus sinensis (Sweet Orange) is known for which property?a) Medicinal valueb) Sweetnessc) Aromatic oil productiond) Drying effect
A

Answer: b) SweetnessExplanation: The fruit of the Sweet Orange is known for its sweet taste and high vitamin C content.

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15
Q
  1. Which of the following is a key characteristic of the leaves of Commelina diffusa?a) Acute apex for water drippingb) Parallel venationc) Serrate margind) Palmate venation
A

Answer: b) Parallel venationExplanation: The leaves of Commelina diffusa exhibit parallel venation which is characteristic of monocots.

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16
Q
  1. What is the main use of the root and leaves of Gmelina arborea?a) Used for treating malariab) Used in timber productionc) Used for medicinal purposes onlyd) Used in windbreaks and erosion control
A

Answer: d) Used in windbreaks and erosion controlExplanation: Gmelina arborea is often planted for windbreaks and soil erosion control due to its growth habits.

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17
Q
  1. Which of the following is true about Commelina diffusa’s stem?a) Woodyb) Non-woodyc) Herbaceousd) Modified for storage
A

Answer: b) Non-woodyExplanation: Commelina diffusa has a non-woody stem making it a herbaceous plant.

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18
Q
  1. What type of petiole arrangement does Gmelina arborea exhibit?a) Sheathing petioleb) Winged petiolec) Sessile petioled) Stipulate petiole
A

Answer: a) Sheathing petioleExplanation: Gmelina arborea has a sheathing petiole which encloses the stem at the base.

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19
Q
  1. What is the primary medicinal use of Rosa sp.?a) Treating dysenteryb) Treating toothachesc) Treating coughsd) Treating depression
A

Answer: c) Treating coughs Explanation: Rosa sp. is commonly used in traditional medicine for treating coughs among other uses.

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20
Q
  1. The fruit of Citrus limon (Lemon) is primarily known for its high content of which vitamin?a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin B12 c) Vitamin C d) Vitamin D
A

Answer: c) Vitamin CExplanation: Lemon is a rich source of Vitamin C which helps in boosting immunity and collagen formation.

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21
Q
  1. Which feature of Citrus sinensis leaves helps identify the plant?a) Acute apexb) Palmate venationc) Serrate margind) Parallel venation
A

Answer: c) Serrate marginExplanation: Citrus sinensis leaves have serrate margins which make them easily identifiable.

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22
Q
  1. What is the medicinal use of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaves?a) Treating headacheb) Antihypertensive propertiesc) Skin irritationsd) Improving digestion
A

Answer: b) Antihypertensive propertiesExplanation: The leaves of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis are used to treat hypertension commonly known as high blood pressure.

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23
Q
  1. What is a characteristic feature of Gmelina arborea stems?a) Woody stemb) Thorny stemc) Twisted stemd) Hollow stem
A

Answer: a) Woody stemExplanation: Gmelina arborea has a woody stem which is typical for many trees.

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24
Q
  1. What is the shape of the leaves in Rosa sp.?a) Linearb) Heart-shapedc) Ovald) Compound with serrated edges
A

Answer: d) Compound with serrated edgesExplanation: The

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25
Q
  1. Which of the following characteristics is found in the plant Gmelina arborea?a) Presence of simple green leavesb) Opposite and decussate leaf arrangementsc) Palmate venation in leavesd) Winged petioles
A

Answer: b) Opposite and decussate leaf arrangementsExplanation: Gmelina arborea has opposite and decussate leaf arrangements. This means that the leaves are arranged in pairs along the stem with each pair being at a right angle to the one below it. This arrangement is typical of the Verbenaceae family to which Gmelina belongs.

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26
Q
  1. Which feature is typical of Emilia sonchifolia in terms of its medicinal usea) Its flowers are used for making perfumeb) It is used as an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agentc) The roots are used for stomach disordersd) Its fruit is used for making jams
A

Answer: b) It is used as an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agentExplanation: Emilia sonchifolia commonly known as the sonchifolia or marigold is known for its medicinal properties particularly its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used in treating swellings sores and muscular pains among other health benefits.

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27
Q
  1. What is the main medicinal use of Rosa sp. (rose)?a) Treating coughs and hay feverb) Healing muscular painc) Reducing feverd) Improving digestion
A

Answer: a) Treating coughs and hay feverExplanation: Rosa sp. (rose) has medicinal uses such as alleviating coughs and hay fever. It is commonly used in traditional medicine for respiratory issues and is also used for skin care due to its anti-inflammatory properties

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28
Q
  1. What is the main medicinal use of Rosa sp. (rose)?a) Treating coughs and hay feverb) Healing muscular painc) Reducing feverd) Improving digestion
A

Answer: a) Treating coughs and hay feverExplanation: Rosa sp. (rose) is commonly used in traditional medicine for treating coughs and hay fever due to its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties. It’s also used in skincare and for respiratory ailments.

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29
Q
  1. Which characteristic feature is found in the leaves of Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)a) Linear venationb) Net venation with serrated marginsc) Simple smooth-edged margind) Parallel venation
A

Answer: b) Net venation with serrated marginsExplanation: The leaves of Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) exhibit net venation and serrated edges. These features aid in identifying the plant and are significant to its morphology.

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30
Q
  1. What type of stem does Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) possess?a) Non-woodyb) Woodyc) Herbaceousd) Hollow
A

Answer: b) WoodyExplanation: Citrus sinensis has a woody stem which supports the plant’s structure and allows for the growth of large fruits. This is a characteristic of many fruit-bearing plants in the Rutaceae family.

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31
Q
  1. Which function do thorns serve in plants like Rosa sp. (rose)?a) Water storageb) Defense mechanismc) Pollination attractiond) Nutrient absorption
A

Answer: b) Defense mechanismExplanation: The thorns of Rosa sp. (rose) are modified structures that serve as a defensive adaptation. They protect the plant from herbivores by making it difficult for animals to feed on the plant.

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32
Q
  1. What is the significance of lenticels in plant stems?a) Food storageb) Water absorptionc) Seed productiond) Gaseous exchange
A

Answer: d) Gaseous exchangeExplanation: Lenticels are small openings found on the stems of plants. They facilitate the exchange of gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide which is crucial for plant respiration and metabolic processes.

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33
Q
  1. What is the primary function of the leaves in Citrus limon (lemon)?a) Gas exchangeb) Pollinationc) Seed dispersald) Photosynthesis
A

Answer: d) PhotosynthesisExplanation: The primary function of leaves in Citrus limon is photosynthesis. The green leaves capture sunlight

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34
Q
  1. What is the common name for Hibiscus rosa-sinensis? Options: a) Rose b) Hibiscus c) Citrus d) None of the above
A

Answer: b) Hibiscus Explanation: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis also known as the Chinese hibiscus is widely recognized for its large colorful flowers. It is a popular ornamental plant.

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35
Q
  1. What is the botanical name for Sweet Orange? Options: a) Hibiscus rosa-sinensis b) Rosa sp. c) Citrus sinensis d) Gmelina arborea
A

Answer: c) Citrus sinensis Explanation: Sweet orange a common citrus fruit is scientifically named Citrus sinensis. It is a rich source of Vitamin C.

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36
Q
  1. Which of the following plants has thorns that are modified leaves? Options: a) Hibiscus rosa-sinensis b) Citrus sinensis c) Rosa sp. d) Gmelina arborea
A

Answer: c) Rosa sp. Explanation: In Rosa sp. (rose) thorns are modified structures that arise from the epidermis and serve as protection against herbivores.

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37
Q
  1. What is the primary use of Gmelina arborea? Options: a) Food source b) Ornamental plant c) Timber d) Medicine
A

Answer: c) Timber Explanation: Gmelina arborea is valued for its lightweight and durable wood commonly used in furniture and construction.

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38
Q
  1. Which plant has leaves with parallel veins? Options: a) Rosa sp. b) Commelina diffusa c) Emilia sonchifolia d) Manihot utilisima
A

Answer: b) Commelina diffusa Explanation: Parallel venation is characteristic of monocots such as Commelina diffusa which has grass-like leaves.

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39
Q
  1. What is the common name for Manihot utilisima? Options: a) Sweet orange b) Rose c) Cassava d) African oil bean tree
A

Answer: c) CassavaExplanation: Manihot utilisima also known as cassava is a staple food crop in many tropical regions known for its edible starchy tubers.

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40
Q
  1. Which part of Pentaclethra macrophylla is commonly used for food? Options: a) Leaves b) Stem c) Roots d) Seeds
A

Answer: d) Seeds Explanation: The seeds of the African oil bean tree (Pentaclethra macrophylla) are processed and used in traditional African dishes such as fermented delicacies.

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41
Q
  1. What is the leaf arrangement of Rauwolfia vomitoria? Options: a) Alternate b) Opposite c) Whorled d) Spiral
A

Answer: c) Whorled Explanation: The leaves of Rauwolfia vomitoria grow in a whorled arrangement with three leaves at each node.

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42
Q
  1. What is the economic importance of Ceiba pentandra? Options: a) Food source b) Timber and fiber c) Medicine d) All of the above
A

Answer: b) Timber and fiber Explanation: The kapok tree (Ceiba pentandra) provides lightweight timber for construction and kapok fiber for mattresses and insulation.

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43
Q
  1. Which plant is traditionally used to treat gonorrhea? Options: a) Hibiscus rosa-sinensis b) Ceiba pentandra c) Clitoria ternatea d) All of the above
A

Answer: c) Clitoria ternatea Explanation: Clitoria ternatea or butterfly pea has roots that are used in traditional medicine for treating infections like gonorrhea.

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44
Q
  1. What unique feature does Bryophyllum pinnatum possess? Options: a) Whorled leaves b) Thorns c) Underground rhizome d) Adventitious roots on leaves
A

Answer: d) Adventitious roots on leaves Explanation: Bryophyllum pinnatum produces plantlets along the edges of its leaves which develop adventitious roots enabling asexual reproduction.

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45
Q
  1. What is the modified stem in Passiflora sp. called? Options: a) Thorn b) Tendril c) Rhizome d) Node
A

Answer: b) Tendril Explanation: The tendrils of Passiflora (passionflower) are modified stems that help the plant climb and secure itself to supports.

46
Q
  1. Which plant is commonly known as whistling pine? Options: a) Passiflora sp. b) Casuarina equisetifolia c) Ficus sp. d) Imperata cylindrica
A

Answer: b) Casuarina equisetifolia Explanation: Casuarina equisetifolia called whistling pine is known for the sound made by the wind passing through its needle-like branches.

47
Q
  1. What is the special feature of the roots of Ficus sp.? Options: a) Underground rhizome b) Clasping/aerial roots c) Adventitious roots at nodes d) Salt tolerance
A

Answer: b) Clasping/aerial roots Explanation: Ficus species develop aerial roots that support the plant and absorb moisture from the air.

48
Q
  1. What is the common name for Imperata cylindrica? Options: a) Whistling pine b) Quack grass c) Cassava d) African oil bean tree
A

Answer: b) Quack grass Explanation: Imperata cylindrica is commonly referred to as quack grass and is a fast-growing perennial grass often considered invasive.

49
Q
  1. Which plant has a stem modified for piercing? Options: a) Imperata cylindrica b) Duranta sp. c) Strelitzia reginae d) Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
A

Answer: b) Duranta sp. Explanation: Duranta species have stems modified with spines or thorns which help protect the plant from herbivores.

50
Q
  1. What is the underground stem of Strelitzia reginae called? Options: a) Root b) Rhizome c) Tuber d) Bulb
A

Answer: b) Rhizome Explanation: The underground rhizome of Strelitzia reginae (bird of paradise) stores nutrients and produces new shoots.

51
Q
  1. According to the source what should you never do when labeling a drawing? Options: a) Use a pencil b) Let labeling lines cross c) Underline the scientific names d) Label every part of the drawing
A

Answer: b) Let labeling lines cross Explanation: Clear labeling without crossing lines ensures the biological drawing is easy to read and professional.

52
Q
  1. According to the source what should you do if part of your drawing needs to overlap another part? Options: a) Represent the overlapping section with double lines b) Erase the section underneath c) Draw the overlapping part with thicker lines d) Use a different color for the overlapping section
A

Answer: a) Represent the overlapping section with double lines Explanation: Using double lines clarifies the overlap without distorting the drawing’s details.

53
Q
  1. According to the source what should you use to erase unobservable lines? Options: a) Your finger b) A tissue c) A sharpener d) An HB pencil eraser
A

Answer: d) An HB pencil eraser Explanation: An HB pencil eraser is precise and suitable for cleanly removing unobservable lines.

54
Q
  1. Why should all the common and botanical names in a biological drawing be underlined? Options: a) For aesthetic reasons b) To make the drawing more visually appealing c) Because they are Latin names d) To indicate they are key features Answer: c) Because they are Latin names Explanation: Botanical names being Latin are traditionally underlined or italicized to distinguish them from regular text.
A
55
Q
  1. What does the source describe magnification as? Options: a) The size of the drawing divided by the life size of the specimen b) The life size of the specimen divided by the size of the drawing c) The product of the power of the eye-piece and the objective lenses d) Both a and c
A

Answer: d) Both a and c Explanation: Magnification in biological drawings is calculated as the size of the drawing divided by the specimen size while in microscopy it is the product of the lens powers.

56
Q
  1. According to the source what is a key feature of the leaves of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis? Options: a) Entire margin b) Parallel veins c) Serrated margin d) Lanceolate shape
A

Answer: c) Serrated margin Explanation: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaves are known for their toothed or serrated margins which are a distinguishing feature.

57
Q
  1. What type of leaves does Hibiscus rosa-sinensis have? Options: a) Simple b) Compound c) Pinnate d) Palmate
A

Answer: a) Simple Explanation: The leaves of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis are simple with a single blade attached to the petiole.

58
Q
  1. What is one traditional use of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis? Options: a) Treatment of syphilis b) Making hedges c) Food source d) All of the above
A

Answer: b) Making hedges Explanation: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is commonly used as an ornamental plant for hedges due to its dense growth and colorful flowers.

59
Q
  1. What is a non-alcoholic beverage made from Hibiscus sabdariffa claimed to be? Options: a) A diuretic b) An appetite stimulant c) Anti-hypertensive d) Anti-inflammatory
A

Answer: c) Anti-hypertensive Explanation: The beverage made from Hibiscus sabdariffa (commonly called hibiscus tea) is known for its ability to lower blood pressure.

60
Q
  1. What type of venation do the leaves of Citrus sinensis exhibit? Options: a) Parallel b) Pinnate c) Net d) Reticulate
A

Answer: d) Reticulate Explanation: Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) leaves have a reticulate venation pattern characteristic of dicot plants.

61
Q
  1. What is the winged petiole of Citrus sinensis modified for? Options: a) Photosynthesis b) Gaseous exchange c) Attracting pollinators d) Dripping of water
A

Answer: a) Photosynthesis Explanation: The winged petiole of Citrus sinensis increases the surface area for photosynthesis.

62
Q
  1. According to the source
A

what is the juice of Citrus sinensis a good source of? Options: a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin B c) Vitamin C d) Vitamin D

63
Q
  1. According to the source
A

what part of Citrus aurantium is used in the manufacture of marmalade? Options: a) Fruit b) Leaves c) Flowers d) Stem

64
Q
  1. What is the scientific name for lemon? Options: a) Citrus sinensis b) Citrus limon c) Rosa sp. d) Gmelina arborea
A

Answer: b) Citrus limon Explanation: The scientific name for lemon is Citrus limon

65
Q
  1. How are the thorns of Rosa sp. described? Options: a) Prickly b) Smooth c) Woody d) Sharp-pointed
A

Answer: d) Sharp-pointed Explanation: Thorns of Rosa sp. are sharp-pointed structures that protect the plant from herbivores.

66
Q
  1. According to the source
A

what vitamin is Rosa sp. a source of? Options: a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin B c) Vitamin C d) All of the above

67
Q
  1. What type of leaf arrangement do Gmelina arborea leaves exhibit? Options: a) Alternate b) Whorled c) Opposite d) Spiral
A

Answer: c) Opposite Explanation: Leaves of Gmelina arborea are arranged oppositely

68
Q
  1. What is the apex of the leaves of Gmelina arborea? Options: a) Acute b) Obtuse c) Acuminate d) Rounded
A

Answer: c) Acuminate Explanation: The leaf apex of Gmelina arborea is acuminate

69
Q
  1. According to the source
A

what is the wood of Gmelina arborea traditionally used for? Options: a) Building houses b) Making furniture c) Carving masks d) All of the above

70
Q
  1. What is the petiole of Commelina diffusa described as? Options: a) Woody b) Sheathed c) Thorny d) Winged
A

Answer: b) Sheathed Explanation: The petiole of Commelina diffusa is sheathed

71
Q
  1. What is Commelina diffusa used for in some places? Options: a) Treating yellow fever b) Treating stroke c) As an antibacterial agent d) All of the above
A

Answer: d) All of the above Explanation: Commelina diffusa has medicinal uses

72
Q
  1. How are the leaves of Emilia sonchifolia attached to the stem? Options: a) With a petiole b) Sessile c) Clasping d) Perfoliate
A

Answer: b) Sessile Explanation: Leaves of Emilia sonchifolia are sessile

73
Q
  1. According to the source
A

what can the powdered leaves of Emilia sonchifolia be used to prepare? Options: a) A cake b) Tea c) A poultice d) Both a and b

74
Q
  1. According to the source what is the root of Emilia sonchifolia used to treat Options: a) Toothaches b) Diarrhea c) Cough d) All of the above
A

Answer: d) All of the above Explanation: The root of Emilia sonchifolia is a traditional remedy for treating various ailments like toothaches diarrhea and cough

75
Q
  1. What type of leaves does Manihot utilisima have Options: a) Simple b) Compound c) Pinnate d) Palmate
A

Answer: b) Compound Explanation: Manihot utilisima (cassava) has compound leaves which are divided into distinct leaflets

76
Q
  1. What is the shape of the leaves of Manihot utilisima Options: a) Ovate b) Lanceolate c) Cordate d) Palmately lobed
A

Answer: d) Palmately lobed Explanation: The leaves of Manihot utilisima are palmately lobed with lobes radiating out from a central point

77
Q
  1. What is the tuber of Manihot utilisima processed into Options: a) Flour b) “Fufu” c) Alcohol d) All of the above
A

Answer: d) All of the above Explanation: Cassava tubers are processed into flour traditional dishes like “fufu” and even alcohol

78
Q
  1. What are the leaves and stem bark of Manihot utilisima traditionally used as Options: a) Food b) Medicine c) A purgative and eye drop d) Both b and c
A

Answer: d) Both b and c Explanation: In traditional medicine the leaves and stem bark are used as purgatives and eye drops

79
Q
  1. What type of arrangement do the leaves of Ixora coccinea exhibit Options: a) Whorled b) Alternate c) Opposite d) Spiral
A

Answer: c) Opposite Explanation: The leaves of Ixora coccinea are arranged oppositely meaning two leaves grow directly opposite each other on the stem

80
Q
  1. What is the apex of the leaves of Ixora coccinea Options: a) Rounded b) Obtuse c) Acuminate d) Mucronate
A

Answer: c) Acuminate Explanation: The leaves of Ixora coccinea have an acuminate apex which tapers to a pointed tip

81
Q
  1. What is the inflorescence of Ixora coccinea described as Options: a) Cymose b) Spike c) Umbel d) Panicle
A

Answer: a) Cymose Explanation: The inflorescence of Ixora coccinea is cymose meaning the flowers are arranged in a determinate pattern

82
Q
  1. According to the source what is Ixora coccinea used for in some traditional medicines Options: a) Treating dysentery b) Treating skin diseases c) Treating hypertension d) All of the above
A

Answer: d) All of the aboveExplanation: Ixora coccinea has various medicinal uses including treating dysentery skin diseases and hypertension

83
Q
  1. What is the stem bark of Ixora coccinea used to treat in some places Options: a) Fever b) Diabetes c) Tuberculosis d) All of the above
A

Answer: a) Fever Explanation: The stem bark of Ixora coccinea is traditionally used to reduce fever in some cultures

84
Q
  1. What type of root system does Luffa cylindrica exhibit Options: a) Taproot b) Fibrous c) Adventitious d) Both a and b
A

Answer: b) Fibrous Explanation: Luffa cylindrica has a fibrous root system which consists of many fine roots growing from the base of the stem

85
Q
  1. What are the leaves of Luffa cylindrica described as Options: a) Cordate b) Palmate c) Lobed d) All of the above
A

Answer: d) All of the aboveExplanation: The leaves of Luffa cylindrica are cordate in shape palmate in arrangement and often lobed providing an efficient photosynthetic surface

86
Q
  1. What is the fruit of Luffa cylindrica used for Options: a) Making sponges b) Food c) Medicine d) All of the above
A

Answer: d) All of the aboveExplanation: The fruit of Luffa cylindrica is edible when young used for sponges when mature and has medicinal properties

87
Q
  1. According to the source what part of Luffa cylindrica is used as a purgative Options: a) Leaves b) Fruit c) Seeds d) Stem
A

Answer: b) Fruit Explanation: The fruit of Luffa cylindrica is used as a purgative in traditional medicine to relieve constipation

88
Q
  1. What is the growth habit of Chromolaena odorata Options: a) Herbaceous b) Shrubby c) Woody climber d) None of the above
A

Answer: b) Shrubby Explanation: Chromolaena odorata grows as a shrubby plant often forming dense thickets in its habitat

89
Q
  1. What is the inflorescence of Chromolaena odorata described as Options: a) Capitulum b) Panicle c) Umbel d) Cyme
A

Answer: a) CapitulumExplanation: The inflorescence of Chromolaena odorata is a capitulum which is a dense cluster of flowers that resembles a single bloom

90
Q
  1. What is the leaf shape of Chromolaena odorata Options: a) Elliptic b) Ovate c) Lanceolate d) Cordate
A

Answer: b) Ovate Explanation: The leaves of Chromolaena odorata are ovate in shape broad at the base and tapering towards the apex

91
Q
  1. According to the source what is the traditional use of Chromolaena odorata Options: a) Stopping bleeding b) Treating malaria c) Treating burns d) All of the above
A

Answer: d) All of the above Explanation: Chromolaena odorata has traditional uses such as stopping bleeding treating malaria and healing burns due to its medicinal properties

92
Q
  1. What is the apex of the leaves of Chromolaena odorata described as Options: a) Acute b) Rounded c) Mucronate d) Truncate
A

Answer: a) Acute Explanation: The leaf apex of Chromolaena odorata is acute ending in a sharp point

93
Q
  1. What is the flower color of Chromolaena odorata Options: a) Yellow b) White c) Pinkish purple d) Red
A

Answer: c) Pinkish purple Explanation: The flowers of Chromolaena odorata are small and pinkish purple forming attractive clusters

94
Q
  1. What is the root system of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) Options: a) Taproot b) Fibrous c) Adventitious d) All of the above
A

Answer: b) FibrousExplanation: Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) has a fibrous root system consisting of many small roots growing from the base of the stem

95
Q
  1. What is the leaf arrangement in Solanum lycopersicum Options: a) Alternate b) Opposite c) Whorled d) Rosulate
A

Answer: a) AlternateExplanation: The leaves of Solanum lycopersicum are arranged alternately along the stem with each leaf arising at different points along the axis

96
Q
  1. What type of fruit does Solanum lycopersicum produce Options: a) Drupe b) Berry c) Capsule d) Pome
A

Answer: b) Berry Explanation: The fruit of Solanum lycopersicum is classified as a berry a fleshy fruit with seeds embedded in the pulp

97
Q
  1. What is the inflorescence type of Solanum lycopersicum Options: a) Raceme b) Umbel c) Capitulum d) Panicle
A

Answer: a) Raceme Explanation: The tomato plant has a racemose inflorescence where flowers are arranged on an unbranched axis

98
Q
  1. What is the common use of Solanum lycopersicum Options: a) Ornamental purposes b) Culinary use c) Medicinal use d) All of the above
A

Answer: b) Culinary use Explanation: Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) is primarily used for culinary purposes widely consumed in dishes sauces and salads

99
Q
  1. What is the leaf shape of Solanum lycopersicum Options: a) Lanceolate b) Ovate c) Palmate d) Elliptic
A

Answer: b) Ovate Explanation: The leaves of Solanum lycopersicum are ovate with a broad base that tapers toward the tip 67. What is the flower color of Solanum lycopersicum Options: a) White b) Yellow c) Purple d) Pink

100
Q
  1. What part of Solanum lycopersicum is used to treat burns in some traditional medicines Options: a) Fruit b) Leaves c) Stem d) Root
A

Answer: b) Leaves Explanation: In some traditional medicine systems the leaves of Solanum lycopersicum are used to treat minor burns

101
Q
  1. What is the typical height of a Solanum lycopersicum plant Options: a) 10-20 cm b) 50-100 cm c) 1-2 meters d) 3-4 meters
A

Answer: b) 50-100 cm Explanation: Solanum lycopersicum plants typically grow between 50-100 cm tall though some varieties can grow larger under optimal conditions

102
Q
  1. Which of the following is a primary constituent of Solanum lycopersicum that has health benefits Options: a) Vitamin C b) Lycopene c) Fiber d) All of the above
A

Answer: d) All of the above Explanation: Solanum lycopersicum contains health-promoting nutrients like vitamin C lycopene (a powerful antioxidant) and dietary fiber

103
Q
  1. What are the guidelines for making high-quality biological drawings
A

Answer: Use a sharp pencil for drawing and ensure that the lines are clear and precise. Label each part of the drawing neatly and legibly. All common and botanical names should be underlined or italicized. Avoid overlapping lines unless absolutely necessary and if overlap occurs make sure it’s represented clearly (e.g.

104
Q
  1. What is the formula for calculating magnification in a biological drawing
A

Answer: The magnification can be calculated using the formula:Magnification = (Power of the eyepiece) × (Power of the objective lens).For example if the eyepiece has a power of 10x and the objective lens has a power of 40x the total magnification will be 400x.

105
Q
  1. Describe the features of Citrus limon.
A

Answer: Citrus limon commonly known as lemon is a small evergreen tree with ovate glossy green leaves. It has fragrant white to pale pink flowers and the fruit is yellow when ripe with a thick textured peel. The fruit contains acidic juice and is widely used in cooking for juice and as a flavoring.

106
Q
  1. What are the traditional and modern uses of Rosa sp.?
A

Answer: Traditional uses of Rosa sp. (roses) include using rose petals for medicinal purposes such as treating skin infections and inflammation and for producing rose water in cosmetics. Modern uses include ornamental cultivation for its beauty in gardens producing rose oil for fragrance and using rose hips as a source of vitamin C in herbal teas and supplements.

107
Q
  1. Describe the features of Commelina benghalensis.
A

Answer: Commelina benghalensis also known as the Bengal dayflower is a creeping herb with elongated lanceolate leaves and blue to purple flowers that bloom in the morning. The plant grows in tropical and subtropical regions and is often found in disturbed areas. It is used in traditional medicine for its purported anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties.

108
Q
  1. How is Emilia sonchifolia used in traditional medicine?
A

Answer: In traditional medicine Emilia sonchifolia (also known as the tiger’s ear) is used for treating various ailments such as fever headaches and respiratory problems. The leaves and roots are used in poultices for wound healing and the plant is also considered beneficial for treating skin diseases.

109
Q
  1. What are the economic and traditional uses of Manihot utilisima?
A

Answer: Manihot utilisima commonly known as cassava is primarily used as a food crop especially in the form of tubers which are processed into flour starch and other food products. It is a staple food in many parts of the world. Traditionally cassava is also used in the production of biofuels as well as for medicinal purposes like treating diarrhea and skin infections.

110
Q
  1. Describe the morphology of the Pentaclethra macrophylla leaf.
A

Answer: The leaves of Pentaclethra macrophylla also known as the African oil bean tree are large pinnately compound with up to 12 leaflets arranged along a central stem. The leaflets are lanceolate to oblong with an entire or slightly serrated margin. The leaves have a prominent midrib and are dark green in color which makes them quite distinct.

111
Q
  1. List the medicinal uses of Rauwolfia vomitoria.
A

Answer: Rauwolfia vomitoria is traditionally used in the treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension) insomnia and anxiety. The plant contains alkaloids such as reserpine which has sedative and antihypertensive properties. It is also used in traditional medicine to treat mental health disorders and for its anti-inflammatory effects.

112
Q
  1. What are the distinguishing characteristics of Ceiba pentandra
A

Answer: Ceiba pentandra also known as the kapok tree is a large deciduous tree with a smooth grayish-brown bark and a wide-spreading canopy. It has large palmate leaves and its flowers are white or pink with a prominent yellow center. The tree produces a fruit with a cotton-like substance (kapok) that is used for stuffing pillows and mattresses. The seeds are used to extract oil and the wood is lightweight and used for various applications including construction.

Bio 154 (4 decks)

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