Chpt 6-11 Flashcards
What does an organizations approach to training, learning & development include?
Formal training, informal learning and employee development
What is the difference between training and development?
Training: current preparatory with required participation
Development: future in voluntary participation to prepare for changes
What are the 5 steps in instructional design?
- Organization Analysis: What training is required
- Person Analysis: READINESS, do individuals want/need/ability for training
- Task Analysis: plan training
- Implement training program
- Evaluate results
(6. Receive feedback and integrate)
How to measure results of training?
- reactions
- demonstration of learning
- behaviour change
- transferability
- performance improvements
- return on investment
Mentor vs. Coach
Mentor: at minimum six months, and could run for several years, helping employees grow over time.
Coach: short-term, focused on achieving specific outcomes or goals
What is the continuous learning system?
Learning system that expects employees to acquire new skills, apply them on the job, and share what they have learned with other employees.
What is onboarding?
Process that focuses on transferring organizational, team, and role-specific knowledge to new employees.
What is orientation?
Training designed to prepare employees to perform their jobs effectively, learn about their organization, and establish work relationships.
What are the goals for a four-stage onboarding process?
- Compliance (to company)
- Clarification (of job)
- Culture (of company)
- Connection (to job/coworkers)
What is organization analysis?
evaluating the characteristics of the organization.
What components should training programs have?
- Statement of what the employee is expected to do
- Performance standards that are measurable
- Resources needed to carry out desired performance/outcome
Why are contracted training programs using a “request for proposal” worthwhile?
It helps the org. clarify objectives, accountabilities, compare vendors and measure results
What is e-learning?
Receiving training via the Internet or the organization’s intranet.
What is behavior modelling?
Training sessions in which participants observe other people demonstrating the desired behavior, then have the opportunity to practice said behavior
What is experiential (training) programs?
Training programs in which participants learn concepts and apply them by simulating behaviours involved and analyzing the activity, connecting it with real-life situations.
What are three types of team training?
cross training (rotating roles) and coordination training (sharing information) and action learning (solving an actual problem as a group)
What is a protean career?
A career that frequently changes based on changes in the person’s interests, abilities, and values and in the work environment.
What are the 6 steps in the performance management process?
- Define performance outcomes
- Develop employee goals & actions
- Provide support & ongoing discussions
- Evaluate performance
- Identify improvements needed
- Provide positive or negative consequences for performance results
What is total rewards?
An employee reward strategy that brings together all the investments an organization makes in its workforce with everything that employees value about working.
What is direct compensation?
Financial rewards employees receive in exchange for their work
What is indirect compensation?
The benefits and services employees receive in exchange for their work.
What is total compensation?
All types of financial rewards and tangible benefits and services employees receive as part of their employment.
What is job evaluation for pay?
An administrative procedure for measuring the relative internal worth of the organization’s jobs.
What is the pay policy line?
A graphed line showing the mathematical relationship between job evaluation points and pay rate.
What are pay grades?
Sets of jobs having similar worth or content, grouped together to establish rates of pay.
What benefits are legally required?
CPP/QPP, EI, Workers’ Compensation
Defined benefit plan vs. defined contribution plan?
Benefits: Provides specified amounts of retirement income based on years of services, age & earnings (dominant in public sector)
Contribution: Specifies contributions made by employer and employee (Retirement income based on accumulated contributions and investment returns)
What benefits are optional?
Paid leave, group insurance & benefits, retirement plans, family-friendly, other (ex tuition)
What is labor relations?
A field that emphasizes skills managers and union leaders can use to minimize costly forms of conflict (such as strikes) and seek win–win solutions to disagreements.
What is DEIB (Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belongingness) education and training?
Learning efforts designed to support positive attitudes about diversity, uncover specific needs of underrepresented groups, and develop skills needed to foster inclusiveness.
What is task analysis?
The process of identifying the tasks, knowledge, skills, and behaviours that training should emphasize.
What are the main purposes for performance management?
Strategic, administrative and developmental
What is validity?
The extent to which a measurement tool actually measures what is intended to measure
What is contamination and deficiency in information?
Contamination: Information gathered but irrelevent
Deficiency: Information not gathered but is relevant
What is reliability and interrater reliability?
Consistency of results (interrater - when more than one person is assessing)
What is the most widely used method for rating attributes?
Graphic rating scale (ex. rate 1low-5high)
behaviourally anchored rating scale (BARS)??
Method of performance measurement that rates behaviour in terms of a scale showing specific statements of behaviour that describe different levels of performance.
What is a labor relations board? (LRB)
A specialized tribunal with authority to interpret and enforce the labour laws in its jurisdiction.
How do companies implement a total rewards approach to compensating employees?
Beginning with foundational legal requirements, and then adding other compensation and benefits to attract and retain valuable employees and improve capacity to meet organizational goals
What are labour relations?
A field that emphasizes skills managers and union leaders can use to minimize costly forms of conflict (such as strikes) and seek win–win solutions to disagreements.
What is the CUPE?
Canadian Union of Public Employees
What are the decisions and influences involved in providing base pay for employees?
They establish pay levels based on organizational goals and economic forces as well as fairness. Job structure and pay levels establish a pay structure policy
