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Rad100 > Chpt 5 Part 1 > Flashcards

Chpt 5 Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

(T/F) The primary function of an X-ray system is to convert electric energy to nuclear energy

A

False
to electromagnetic energy

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2
Q

Branch of physics that deals with stationary electrical charges

A

electrostatics

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3
Q

What will give an object an electrical charge?

A

A differing number of electrons and protons

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4
Q

What is caused by the movement of negative electric charges

A

electrification

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5
Q

3 Methods that cause electrification

A

friction - removal of electrons from one object by rubbing it w/ a different object
contact - a charged object touches an uncharged object and the second object acquires the same charge
induction - strong object will influence a weak object

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6
Q

Friction is most likely to happen in hot and humid conditions

A

False
cold and low humidity

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7
Q

A negatively charged object will give electrons to what object

A

neutral object

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8
Q

Electrostatics Law (4) that describes how electric charges interact with each other

A
  • repulsion/attraction
  • Coulomb’s law (ISL)
  • Distribution
  • Concentration
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9
Q

Coulomb’s law measures what?

A

the magnitude of the electrostatic force

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10
Q

Electrical charges reside on the _____ surface of conductors and are equally distributed throughout ____?

A

external
non-conductors

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11
Q

(T/F) Electric charge of a conductor has its greatest concentration along the sharpest curvature of its surface

A

True

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12
Q

Only what charges move along a conductor?

A

negative

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13
Q

What is a substance in which the electrons will flow easily?

A

conductor

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14
Q

The study of electric charges in motion

A

electrodynamics

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15
Q

(T/F) Electric current always flows in the same direction as the electron flow

A

False
opposite direction

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16
Q

The ability of a material to allow the free flow of electrons

A

conductivity

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17
Q

What is a material that does not allow electron flow?

A

Insulator

18
Q

Material that allows it to be either a conductor or insulator

A

semi-conductor

19
Q

Has no resistance to the flow of electrons

A

superconductor

20
Q

Examples of a superconductor

A

ceramics, titanium, niobium

21
Q

When resistance is _____ and the _____ is a closed path an electric circuit is created

A

controlled
conductor

22
Q

Current is measured in?

A

Amperes

23
Q

3 conditions that allow current to flow

A
  • vacuum (x-ray tube)
  • gas (fluorescent light)
  • metallic conductor (copper wire)
24
Q

inhibits the flow of electrons

A

resistor

25
Q

provides electric potential

A

battery / generator

26
Q

momentarily stores electric charge

A

capacitor

27
Q

measure electric current

A

ammeter

28
Q

measures electric potential

A

voltmeter

29
Q

turns the circuit on or off

A

switch

30
Q

increases or decreases voltage by a fixed amount

A

transformer

31
Q

a variable resistor

A

rheostat

32
Q

allows electrons to flow only in one direction

A

diode

33
Q

3 factors that characterize a simple circuit

A

potential difference
current
resistance

34
Q

difference in electrical potential energy between 2 points in a circuit

A

potential difference

35
Q

what gives the electrons the pull to move through the conductor

A

potential difference

36
Q

potential difference is measured in?

A

volts

37
Q

the amount of electrical charges per second

A

current
(amperes)

38
Q

anything that opposes or hinders the flow of electrical current

A

resistance
(ohm)

39
Q

Inherent resistance is dependent on 4 things

A

type of conducting material
length of wire
diameter
temperature

40
Q

Ohm’s Law

A

voltage across the total circuit is equal to the current multiplied by the resistance

41
Q

Series vs Parallel circuits

A

series - all elements are connected in a line
parallel - connected at ends

Rad100 (10 decks)

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