Chpt 3 Flashcards
Material that has a definite and consistent composition
Substance
A mixture of substances
Matter
Material that has a definite and consistent composition
Substance
Two or more substances combined
Mixture
(T/F) Substances are either elements (simple) or compounds (complex)
True
What cannot be broken down into any simpler substance
Element
Smallest unit if an element
Atom
Two or more chemically combined elements
Compound
Smallest unit of a compound
Molecule
Three fundamental particles of an atom
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Formula to calculate number of electrons per shell
2n^2
Mass of protons and neutrons
1.68 x 10^-27
Mass of electrons
9.1 x 10^-31
Amount of energy needed to eject an electron from its orbit
Binding energy
What kind of atom has the same number of protons and electrons
Neutral atom
When an atom gains or loses an electron it’s called what?
Ion
When an atom GAINS one or more electrons it has what?
A negative charge
Anion
When an atom LOSES one or more electrons it has what?
Positive charge
Cation
The atomic number is equal to what?
Number of protons
The atomic mass is equal to what?
Number of protons and neutrons
Atom that has gained or lost neutrons from its natural state
Isotope
What can produce gamma radiation when they decay?
Isotopes
Number of electrons in an atoms outer most shell that determines its ability to bind with other atoms
Valence
When one or more electrons move from one atom to the other and the resultant ions attract each other
Ionic bond
