CHPT- (#5)- NAME OF CHAPTER

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

the scientific study of behavior

Question 2

Science

Answer 2

the use of systematic methods to observe the world, including human behavior, and to draw conclusion

Question 3

Mental processes

Answer 3

thoughts, feelings and motives that people experience privately but that can not be observed (not able to see)

Question 4

Behavior

Answer 4

everything we do that can be directly observed (able to see)

Question 5

The Psychology Frame of Mind

Answer 5

Psychology is a discipline that tests assumptions bringing scientific data to bear on the questions of central interest to human beings.

Psychologist conduct research and depend on the research to provide evidence of their conclusions.

Question 6

Critical thinking

Answer 6

the process of thinking deeply and actively, asking questions, and evaluating the evidence.

Question 7

Curiosity

Answer 7

noticing things in the world and wanting to know what and why.

Question 8

Skepticism

Answer 8

challenge facts and questioning what others believe

Question 9

Objectivity

Answer 9

trying to see things as they really are and not as observer would like them to be seen

Question 10

Empirical method

Answer 10

Empirical method – the collecting of data and logical reasoning. Psychologist wait for what the data tells them rather than going on their hunches.

Question 11

Psychology as the Science of All Human Behavior

Answer 11

• Psychology is more than clinical work. Most psychologist are in academic settings doing research.

Question 12

How did we end up with the idea that psychology is only mental health

Answer 12

When one thinks of psychology, you associate Sigmund Freud – who believed that most of human behavior is caused by dark, unpleasant, unconscious impulses.

Question 13

Psychologist

Answer 13

Psychologist seek to understand the truths of human life in all its dimensions, including people’s best and worst experiences and everything in between.

Question 14

The Biological Approach

Answer 14

• Focus of the body, brain and nervous system
• Neuroscience- The scientific study of the structure, function, development, genetics, and biochemistry of the nervous system, emphasizing that the brain and nervous system are central to understanding behavior, thought and emotion.

Question 15

The Behavioral Approach

Answer 15

• An approach to psychology emphasizing the scientific study of observable behavioral responses and their environmental determines
• Behaviorist emphasize the importance of observing behavior to understand an individual and stress the importance of environmental determinants of behavior

Question 16

The Psychodynamic Approach

Answer 16

• An approach that emphasize on unconscious thoughts and the conflict between biological drives and society demands and early childhood experiences.
• Today this theory tends to place less emphasis on sexual drives and more on cultural or social experiences that determines the behavior

Question 17

Humanistic Approach

Answer 17

• This approach emphasizes a person’s positive qualities, the capacity for positive growth and the freedom to choose one’s destiny.
• Caring about others and willing to help others

Question 18

Cognitive Approach

Answer 18

Approach emphasizing the mental processes involving in knowing how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think and solve problems

Question 19

The Evolutionary Approach

Answer 19

• Approach centered on evolutionary ideas such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection as the basis for explaining specific human behavior.
• Just as evolution molds our physical features, such as body shape, it also influences our decision making, level of aggressiveness, fears and mating patterns.

Question 20

The Sociocultural Approach

Answer 20

An approach that examines the ways in which social and cultural environments influence behavior

Question 21

Observing some phenomenon

Answer 21

the first step in conducting a scientific inquiry involves observing some phenomenon in the world. The critical thinking, curious psychologist sees something and wants to know why or how it is the way it is.

Question 22

variables

Answer 22

Scientists studies are called anything that can change.

Question 23

theory

Answer 23

a broad idea or set of closely related ideas that attempts to explain observations and to make predictions about future observations.

Question 24

hypothesis

Answer 24

a testable prediction that derives logically from a theory. Testing through empirical research – the next step is to test the hypothesis. Research design a study that will test the predictions.

Question 25

Testing through empirical research – the next step is to test the hypothesis. Research design a study that will test the predictions.

Answer 25

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