Chpt 1- Eukaryotic Cell Animalia structure

Question 1

eukaryotic cells (animal) parts? (16)

Answer 1

1) Cell (or plasma membrane
2) Extracellular matrix
3) Nucleus
4) Nuclear Envelope
5) Nuclear Pores
6) Nucleolus
7) Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
8) Ribosomes
9) Golgi Apparatus
10) Cytoplasm
11) Mitochondria
12) Microfilaments
13) Vacuole
14) Microtubules
15) Centrioles
16) Lysosomes

1- GRL(s) V(agina)
2-E(at)
3-C(Connor) M(ay)
4-N(ut)

Question 2

cell (or plasma) membrane

Answer 2

• phospholipid bilayer with associated proteins
• separates cell from its environment

**kingdom Animalia does not have a cell wall

Question 3

Extracellular Matrix

Answer 3

the material in between cells that holds tissues

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Control center of the eukaryotic cell

• stores DNA
• location of replication and transcription of nuclear genes in eukaryotes

Question 5

Nuclear Envelope

Answer 5

-double membrane that separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm

Question 6

Nuclear Pores

Answer 6

gaps in the nuclear envelope (formed by proteins) that allow substances to move in and out of nucleus

Question 7

Nucleolus

Answer 7

Dark region inside of nucleus

-site of rRNA synthesis and ribosomes assembly

Question 8

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 8

extensive network of membranes

1) Rough ER (rER)– with ribosomes
- site of translation of membrane bound and secreted proteins
2) smooth ER (sER)- lacks ribosomes
- lipid and steroid synthesis and drug detoxification

Question 9

Ribosomes

Answer 9

• Complex of rRNA and r-proteins
• location of translation (protein synthesis)

Free ribosomes-in cytoplasm
bound ribosomes- attached to ER

Question 10

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 10

membrane system

-modifies, packages, and sorts newly synthesized proteins

Question 11

Cytoplasm

Answer 11

• Semifluid material outside nuclear envelope but inside plasma membrane
• cytosol-liquid part of the cytoplasm
• site of glycolysis

Question 12

Mitochondria

Answer 12

Power house of the cell

1) surrounded by double membrane
- outer mitochondrial membrare
- inner mitochondrial membrane (folder into cristea)

2) site of pyruvate oxidation, Kreb’s cycle, and electron transport chain

Question 13

Microfilaments

Answer 13

• cytoskeletal element composed of a polymer of actin

- involved in cell movement, cell shape, and muscle contraction

Question 14

Vacuole

Answer 14

Membrane enclosed compartment within the cell

Question 15

Microtubules

Answer 15

• cytoskeletal element composed of a polymer of tubulin

- involved in cellular structure and movement or organelles and chromosomes

Question 16

Centrioles

Answer 16

a pair of organelles that organize microtubules into spindles on which chromosomes are seperated when cells divide

Question 17

Lysosomes

Answer 17

membrane bound organelle

-contains hydrolytic (digestive) enzymes