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biology chp 3 > chp3 inheritance and variation > Flashcards

chp3 inheritance and variation Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

monohybrid cross?

A

crossing of 2 pure pl. differing one contrasting character

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2
Q

monohybrid cross phenotypic ratio?

A

3:1

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3
Q

monohybrid cross genotypic ratio

A

1:2:1
TT:Tt:tt

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4
Q

dihybrid cross?

A

cross between 2 homozygous parents differing 2 contrasting characs.

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5
Q

phenotypic ratio of dihybrid cross?

A

9:3:3:1

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6
Q

genotypic ratio of dihybrid cross?

A

1:2:2:4:1:2:1:2:1

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7
Q

law of dominance

A

when 2 homozygous indivs w 1 or more sets of contrasting characs are crossed the characs that appear in f1 generation are dominant and those do not appear are recessive

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8
Q

monohybrid test cross ratio ?

A

1:1

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9
Q

inc dominance

A

one gene form a pair of alleles is not completely dominant over other

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10
Q

inc dominance eg:

A

mirabalis jalapa 4O’clock pl.

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11
Q

phenotypic and genotypic ratio of inc dominance

A

1:2:1

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12
Q

co dominance

A

the alleles of a pair expresses themselves equally

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13
Q

phenotypic and genotypic ratio of co-dominance

A

1:2:1

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14
Q

eg of co dominance

A

cattle red and white
roan

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15
Q

multiple alleles eg

A

drosophila and abo system in humans

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16
Q

drosophila wings

A

normal wings Vg+
nicked wings vg^n
notched wings vg^no
strap wings vg^st
vestigial wings vg

17
Q

pleiotropy

A

single gene consists 2 or more diff traits

18
Q

pleiotropy ratio

A

2:1

19
Q

eg of pleiotropy

A

sickle cell anaemia

20
Q

sickle cell anaemia ratio

A

1:2:1

21
Q

polygenic inheritance

A

characs are determined by 2 or more gene pair

22
Q

ratio of cumulative genes, polygenes, multiple factors

A

additive effect: 1:4:6:4:1
3 genes 1:6:15:20:15:6:1

23
Q

carrier of genes?

A

chr.

24
Q

carrier of all hereditary characs

A

gametes sperms and eggs

25
Q

link between parents and offsprings

A

gametes

26
Q

ploidy of somatic cells that develop in zygote

A

2n

biology chp 3 (4 decks)

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