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HBSE Chapters 5-7 > Chp 7 > Flashcards

Chp 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What is ascribed status?

A

social positions that are conferred at birth or assigned later in life, based on characteristics over which an individual has little or no choice.
Ex: Sex and disability of ascribed statuses.

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2
Q

What is achieved status?

A

within the control of the individual; they are assumed voluntarily as a result of personal choice or direct effort
Ex: Being a college graduate is a good example of an achieved status.

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3
Q

What is a privileges status?

A

Ex: White, Male, Heterosexual
Nondisabled (“temporarily abled”), Youthful, Attractive, tall and slim, Well-educated; articulate, Professionally employed
Wealthy

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4
Q

True or False: It is highly unlikely that a gay man or a person with cerebral palsy will grow up in a family and community made up of other gay men or people with cerebral palsy.

A

True

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5
Q

Sex refers to:

A

biological differences

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6
Q

Gender refers to:

A

differences that are culturally constructed and socially transmitted.

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7
Q

True or False:Children are socialized by their families, schools, peers, and the mass media to conform to culturally approved gender expectations

A

True

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8
Q

Functionalist Perspective and Social Stratification/Gender:

A

-division of labor b/w men & women is natural order
Complementary set of roles:
-men provide economic support & decision making
-women: care & emotional support
the roles of women & men ensure societal task are fulfilled
-traditional families are essential

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9
Q

Conflict Perspective on Social Stratification/ Gender:

A
  • differences exist b/w men and women in physical, economic, and political power
  • capitalism intensifies male domination b/c it creates more wealth
  • Evidence of male domination in contemporary society is reflected in economic and political inequities, and gender–related violence
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10
Q

Construct Perspective on Social Stratification/ Gender:

A
  • gender is socially constructed
  • mankind use to refer to member of the human race leaving women out
  • inclusive language is now encourages in professional writing
  • political correctness, language shapes our view of reality
  • The perception that only men were “family breadwinners” and women were working by choice (just for supplemental income) has changed.
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11
Q

What is gender-segregated/ sex typed work:

A

to a pattern of employment wherein men and women are found in different occupations

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12
Q

True/ False: A few women in contemporary American society actually fill two roles, as paid and unpaid workers, and are easily exploited in both

A

False: a majority of women

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13
Q

What is second shift?

A

refers to the childcare and housework responsibilities which women assume after returning home from their paid employment

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14
Q 
True/ False: Among industrialized countries, 
    the United States ranks above 
    most other countries and above 
    only Japan in the gender salary 
    gap
A

False: The US ranks below most other countries and above only Japan in the gender salary gap.

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15
Q

True/False: Approximately one-third of the women murdered in the United States each year are killed by an intimate partner

A

True

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16
Q

True/False: Majority of the worlds illiterate population is men

A

False: Majority of the worlds illiterate population is women

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17
Q

Sexual Orientation

A

a person’s preference in terms of partners in emotional-sexual relationships: same sex, other sex, or both sexes
Homosexuality = attraction to members of the same sex
Heterosexuality = attraction to members of the other sex

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18
Q

Bisexuality

A

sexual attraction to people of both sex

19
Q

Transgender

A

People who feel they are one sex, even though they are the other

20
Q

True/ False: 4% of male and 2% of female are exclusively homosexual

A

True

21
Q

True/False: Homosexual activity or experiences are not the same thing as homosexual identity

A

True

22
Q

Where do gay men and lesbians tend to live?

A

Generally gay men and lesbians find large urban centers to be more hospitable to sexual diversity than rural areas and large cities Ex: San Francisco

23
Q

What is the essence of gay and lesbian cultures?

A

self-determination:
“To follow a different path openly and wholeheartedly rather than furtively, lesbians and gay men have created a culture in which homosexuality is the norm.”

24
Q

Functionalist Perspective Sexual Orientation:

A
  • Because functionalists assume a complementary set of roles for men and women, they do not see a legitimate place for sexual minorities in society
  • In fact, they perceive them as a threat to traditional family arrangements
  • Thus there is an absence of support for civil rights for gay men and lesbians.
25
Q

Conflict Perspective Sexual Orientation

A
  • Gays are routinely oppressed in American society.
  • In defense of the idea of family conservatives will sacrifice individual rights of gays to preserve social standings
  • Sodomy laws (making anal and oral sex illegal) were on the books in thirteen states until struck down by a U.S. Supreme Court decision in June 2003
26
Q

Constructionist Perspective Sexual Orientation:

A
  • Sexual orientation and socially approved sexual relationships are a social construction.
  • Homosexuality is viewed as deviant lifestyle in the US- other countries are accepting
  • Calling homosexual behavior a sin, impose moral judgement to justify discrimination
27
Q

What is homophobia?

A

the unreasonable fear of homosexuals and homosexuality.

28
Q

What is heterosexism?

A

the view that heterosexuality is “normal” and that any other pattern of intimate interpersonal relationship is inherently abnormal and/or morally wrong.

  • widely tolerated in our society
  • legally supported under most circumstances
  • encouraged in some sectors
29
Q

True/False: Was homosexuality seen as a mental disorder in the DSM?

A

True

30
Q

True/False: There is no federal law prohibiting discrimination in the workplace on the basis of sexual orientation.

A

True

31
Q

True/False: The vast majority of people with disabilities were born that way.

A

FALSE: The vast majority of individuals with disabilities were not born that way, but were injured in an accident or war, or suffer from the effects of an illness

32
Q

True/False: Disabilities rates are highest for African Americans and American Indian and Alaska Natives

A

True

33
Q

Where is disabilities more prevalent?

A
  • People who are poor
  • Those who have less education
  • Those who are single
  • African Americans
  • Older adults
34
Q

What is the signature wound of the Iraq War

A

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

35
Q

Category 1 of disability

A

-Those that locate disability as internal to the individual professionals are looking for a cure, or at least a way to rehabilitate the individual. -They may expect the person with the disability to be compliant and passive.

36
Q

Category 2 of disability

A

those definitions that situate the problem in the interaction between the disabled person and the social environment

  • They establish disability not just as a personal problem but also as a challenge to society to change attitudes and remove barriers
  • They see the person’s inability to function as the result of a handicapped environment
  • They see disability as an element of human diversity
37
Q

Deaf Community

A
  • People in the Deaf Community perceive deafness not as a disability, but as a minority culture
  • deaf children are routinely separated from their families to attend special residential schools for the deaf at an early age
  • they are more likely to develop a unique and/or bicultural orientation to the world than are people with other kinds of disabilities
38
Q

Functionalist Perspective Disability

A
  • The functionalist perspective uses a medical model to explain the role of disability in society. A medical model suggests that pathology resides within the individual.
  • From this perspective, people with disabilities are restricted to the role of chronic patient.
  • They are perceived as being unable to work, or at least unable to work as productively as the able-bodied.
  • Person w/ disability is viewed as a lack of fit b/w the person and the environment
39
Q

Conflict Perspective Disability

A
  • People with disabilities are treated as second class citizens.
  • They are exploited by the health care industry.
  • Categorizing them as “deserving poor” and giving them subsistence level grants does little to bring them to full inclusion in society.
  • Restrictions of opportunities for schooling, employment, and housing continue to limit their options.
  • Keeps people in a sub-servant position
  • Caste System
40
Q

Caste System

A

A form of social stratification in which one’s status is lifelong and unchangeable

41
Q

Constructionist Perspective Disability

A
  • People with disabilities are sometimes perceived as dangerous,
  • They are more often thought of as helpless, dependent, and incompetent, or even as “perpetual children”
  • They are sometimes portrayed as heroes or heroines b/c they have overcome all obstacles to lead to a normal life
42
Q

Master Status

A

describe a perceived social status that dominates all the other statuses a person holds.
Ex: disability is master status

43
Q

Issue of Disabled Accessibility

A
  • Many amenities for the handicapped are inadequate or poorly designed
  • Braille labeling is seldom provided in public areas other than elevators
  • Lack of convenient and accessible public transportation is a major impediment for many persons with disabilities
44
Q

What states recognize same-sex marriage

A

6- Massachusetts, Connecticut, Iowa, Vermont, Maine, and New Hampshire

HBSE Chapters 5-7 (3 decks)

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