Chp 6 - Patient Care Flashcards

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1
Q

What is acoustic cavitation

A

the production of bubbles in a liquid medium

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2
Q

What is diabetic ketoacidosis

A

a complication of diabetes from severe lack of insulin

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3
Q

What does the MI tell you?

A

the likelihood that cavitation can occur

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4
Q

What is a nosocomial infection

A

a hospital acquired infection

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5
Q

What does the TI tell you?

A

predicts the maximum temperature elevation in tissues as a result of attenuation of sound

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6
Q

What is the act called for patients privaty protection, etc?

A

HIPPA

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7
Q

What is CPR most often used for?

A

to counteract effects os suspected cardiac arrest or heart attack

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8
Q

What is the classic presentation of cardiac arrest?

A

loss of consciousness, loss of BP, dilation of pupils, and possibly seizures

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9
Q

What are the first signs of shock?

A

cold and clammy skin, decreases urine output, respirations increased, redyced bowel sounds, and increased anxiety

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10
Q

What will occur if shock progresses

A

BP will drop, respirations decrease, tahcycardia, chest pain, loss of mental alertness

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11
Q

What are the worst things that can occur from shock

A

organ failure leading to death

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12
Q

What should you do if theres no response from a patient after shaking them?

A

call a code or shout for help

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13
Q

Anaphlactic shock

A

from allergic reaction

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14
Q

What is cardiogenic shock

A

failure of the heart to pump proper amount of blood to vital organs

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15
Q

What is distributive shock

A

when BV lack the ability to assist in return of blood to the heart

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16
Q

What is hypovolemic shock

A

IV fluid decreases by 15-25%

17
Q

What is neurogenic shock

A

A type of distributive shock from loss of sympathetic tone

18
Q

What is obstructive shock?

A

from conditions that interfere with normal functioning of heart

19
Q

Septic shock?

A

type of distributive shock - immune response from invasive bacteria

20
Q

What are the 3 complications patients with diabetes mellitus may have if fasting?

A

hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis (hyperglycemia), hyperglycemic molat nonketotic syndrome

21
Q

What are some complications of diabetes?

A

tachycardia, headache, blurred vision, thirsty, polyuria, sweet odor to breath

22
Q

How is TB spread?

A

airborne

23
Q

What is the chain of infection?

A

infectious agent –> reservoir –> portal of exit –> mode of transmission –> portal of entry –> susceptible host

24
Q

What is one of the m/c nosocomial infections?

A

UTI - incorrect use of foley

25
Q

Where should the cathetor bag be placed?

A

below the level of the bladder

26
Q

What is the primary reason why tissue heats as sound is attenuated?

A

absorption

27
Q

What should the SPTA be?

A

below 100 mW/cm2

28
Q

What value should the TI be?

A

less than 2

29
Q

What is stable cavitation?

A

it produces bubbles that oscillate or fluctuate in size but DONT rupture

30
Q

Which type of cavitation can cause the most damage?

A

transient

31
Q

What is transient cavitation?

A

larger bubbles are produced and rupture which produces a shock wave and an increase in temperature

32
Q

What is safe MI?

A

less than 0.4

33
Q

What is streaming?

A

When aoustic fields cause motion of fluids

34
Q

What are radiation forces described as?

A

forces exerted by a sound beam on an absorber or reflector that can alter structures

35
Q

What type of shock is the failure of the heart to pump the proper amount of blood to vital organs

A

Cardiogenic shock

36
Q

What are the subcategories of distributive shock?

A
  • anaphylactic
  • septic
  • neurogenic