Chp. 5 Deviance and crime

Question 1

Socially constructed

Answer 1

-vary among cultures
-vary from one social context to another

Question 2

Deviance

Answer 2

Departure from a norm that evokes a negative reaction from others

Question 3

Crime

Answer 3

Deviance that breaks a law(enforced by gov.)

Question 4

Informal punishment

Answer 4

A mild sanction that is imposed during face to face interaction rather than by judicial system

Stigmatization

Question 5

Formal punishment

Answer 5

Pénalisation by the judicial system for breaking law

Question 6

Types of deviance/crime vary in terms of…

Answer 6

1. Severity of the social response
2. Perceived harmfulness
3. Degree of public agreement

Question 7

Canadian UCR

Answer 7

Information on crime collected by police, main source of crime statistics

Question 8

Self reporting surveys

Question 9

Why has crime declined since 1992?

Answer 9

1. more police
2. Changing composition of Canadas population
3. Crime rate falls w/ unemployment rate
4. Legalization of abortion
5. Tougher penalties on criminals

Question 10

What age cohort is most prone to criminal behaviour?

Answer 10

15-24

Question 11

Social forces

Answer 11

1. Poverty
2. Indigenous pop is younger than the rest of pop
3. More detectable crimes
4. Discrimination
5. Disruption of community social life

Question 12

Symbolic interactionalist approach

Answer 12

People may learn deviant and criminal behaviours when INTERACTING WITH OTHERS

Question 13

What is Beckers study of weed users

Answer 13

Three stage process of learning deviant role:
Smoke properly
Recognize effects
How to enjoy

Question 14

Labelling theory

Answer 14

Deviance results from the response of others; labelling the rule breaker a deviant

Question 15

Emile Durkheim (FUNCTIONALIST)

Answer 15

Deviance+crime=beneficial
Reinforce social solidarity
Help adapt to social change

Question 16

Robert Merton(FUNCTIONALIST)

Answer 16

-A lack of comparability between cultural ideas and structural realities(STRAIN)
-material success
-lack of opportunity to succeed

Question 17

How does conflict theory relate to deviance

Answer 17

Labelling happens from Rich+powerful
Use money to escape punishment
Rich are less frequently prosecuted

Question 18

Travis Hirschi (CT)

Answer 18

Level of crime=degree to which ppl are prevented from violating norms

Antisocial behaviour(weak)=delinquent behaviour

Question 19

Why do adolescents lack self control?

Answer 19

Few social attachments
Few opportunities
Few involvements in conventional institutions

Question 20

What enhances the degree of social control?

Answer 20

Electronic technology
(Surveillance society)

Question 21

How is deviance medicalized

Answer 21

Badness= sickness, mental illness

Question 22

How does Moral panic benefit powerful interests?

Answer 22

Mass media
Crime prevention
Criminal justice system
Politicians

Question 23

Alternative strats?

Answer 23

Reduce relapsing criminal behaviour
Legalize certain actions
Restorative justice