Chp 3 Fluid And Electrolytes med surg Flashcards
1
Q
Potassium normal range
A
3.5-5.0
2
Q
Calcium normal range
A
8.4-10.6
3
Q
Magnesium normal ranges
A
1.3-2.1
4
Q
Phosphate normal ranges
A
3.0-4.5
5
Q
Chloride normal ranges
A
96-106
6
Q
Bicarbonate normal ranges
A
22-26
7
Q
Hyponatremia signs and symptoms
A
Central nervous system and neuromuscular resulting from failure of swollen cells to transmit electrical impulses Fatigue Lethargy Headache Mental confusion Altered level of consciousness Anxiety Coma Anorexia Nausea Vomiting Muscle cramps Seizures Decreased sensation Decreased bp
8
Q
Nursing interventions for hyponatremia
A
Restrict water intake as ordered for patients with congestive heart failure, kidney failure, and inadequate ADH production
More sodium in diet
Monitor patients receiving IV solutions
Replace water loss with fluids containing sodium
9
Q
Signs and symptoms of hypernatremia
A
Dry mucous membranes Taut skin turgor Intense thirst Flushed skin Oliguria Elevated temp Weakness Lethargy Irritability Twitching Seizures Coma Intracranial bleeding
10
Q
Hypokalemia signs and symptoms
A
Abdominal pain Paralytic ileus Gaseous distention Cardiac dysryrhmias Muscle weakness Decreased reflexes Paralysis Urinary retention Increased urine ph Lethargy Confusion ECG changes
11
Q
Hyperkalemia signs and symptoms
A
Muscle weakness Fatigue Hypotension Nausea Paresthesias Paralysis Cardiac dysrythmias ECG changes
12
Q
Hypocalcemia signs and symptoms
A
Paresthesias Abominal cramps Weak pulse Decreased bp Seizures Muscle spasms Tatany Hand spasm Positive chvosteks sign Positive trousseaus sign Cardiac dysrythmias Wheezing Dspnea Difficulty swallowing Colic Cardiac failure Excessive blood transfusions
13
Q
Hypercalcemia signs and symptoms
A
Anorexia Nausea Abdominal pain Constipation Muscle weakness Oliguria Confusion Renal calculi Pathologic fractures Dysrythmias Cardiac arrest
14
Q
Hypomagnesemia signs and symptoms
A
Insomnia Hyperactive reflexes Leg and foot cramps Twitching Tremors Seizures Cardiac dysrythmias Positive trousseaus sign Vertigo Hypocalcemia Hypokalemia
15
Q
Hypermagnesemia
A
Hypotension Sweating and flushing Nausea and vomiting Muscle weakness Paralysis Respiratory depression Cardiac dysrythmias
