Chp. 3: Compartmentation of Cells & Tissues

Question 1

Anatomical Body Cavities

Answer 1

Cranial Cavity, Thoracic Cavity, Abdominopelvic Cavity

Thoracic and Abdominopelvic separated by diaphragm

Question 2

Thoracic Body Cavity

Answer 2

Pleural Sac, Pericardial sac

Question 3

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Answer 3

Abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

Question 4

Extracellular Fluid

Answer 4

Blood plasma and Interstitial Fluid

Question 5

4 Major Functions of Cell Membranes

Answer 5

1) Physical Isolation, 2) Regulation of exchange with environment, 3) Communication between the cell and its environment, 4) Structural Support

Question 6

Red Blood Cell Membrane

Answer 6

49% proteins, 43% lipids, 8% carbohydrates

Question 7

Myelin Membrane (nerve cells)

Answer 7

18% proteins, 79% lipids, 3% carbohydrates

Question 8

Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

Answer 8

76% proteins, 24% lipids, 0% carbohydrates

Question 9

Micelles

Answer 9

droplets of phospholipids in polar solution

Question 10

Liposomes

Answer 10

similar to Micelles, except with a phospholipid bilayer with an aqueous center

Question 11

Integral Proteins

Answer 11

Extend all the way across the cell membrane; tightly bound to lipid tails in the bilayer by a non-polar, hydrophobic 20-25 amino acid sequence

Question 12

Peripheral Proteins

Answer 12

Attach to integral proteins or phospholipid heads in bilayer; includes some enzymes, structural binding proteins, etc.

Question 13

Transmembrane Proteins

Answer 13

Chains extend across the cell membrane; loops of the amino acid chain protrude into both cytoplasm and ECF..

Question 14

Lipid-Anchored Proteins

Answer 14

Inserted into bilayer, bound to lipid tails; often associated with sphingolipids to form “lipid rafts”

Question 15

Glycocalyx

Answer 15

Unique identifier composed of carbohydrates that is on the cell.

Question 16

Sphingolipids

Answer 16

A class of lipids containing a backbone of sphingoid bases (a set of alipathic amino OH’s that include sphingosine)

Question 17

Cell Membrane (consists of…)

Answer 17

Cholesterol, Phospholipids, sphingolipids, carbohydrates, proteins

Question 18

Cytoplasm

Answer 18

Includes all material inside of cell membrane except the nucleus and is composed of the cytosol. Includes… 1) Organelles, 2) Inclusions, 3) Protein Fibers, 4) Cytosol

Question 19

Organelles

Answer 19

DEF

Question 20

Inclus

Answer 20

pro

Question 21

Protein

Answer 21

h

Question 22

cytosol

Answer 22

h