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Martin Bio Evolution > Chp 23 > Flashcards

Chp 23 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Heritable change in one or more characterists of a population or species from one generation to the next

A

biological evolution

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2
Q

Viewed on a small scale relating to changes in a single gene in a population over time

A

microevolution

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3
Q

viewed on a larger scaled relating to formation of new species or groups of species

A

macroevolution

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4
Q

group of related organisms that share a distinctive form

reproduce sexually, capable of interbreeding

A

species

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5
Q

members of the same species that are likely to encounter each other and thus have the opportunity to interbreed

A

population

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6
Q

utilizes empirical thought
relies on obersation to form an idea or hypo. rather than trying to understand life from a non physical or spiritual point

A

theory of evolution

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7
Q

mid to late 1600s ____ was the first to carry out a thorough study of the natural world
developed an early classification system
modern species concept

A

John ray

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8
Q

Father of taxonomy- classified and named organisms to glory of God

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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9
Q

says life forms change over time

A

George Buffon

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10
Q

realized that some animals remain the same while others change
believed living things evolved upward from deadd matter human “perfection”
inheritance of aquired characteristics–giraffe neck example

A

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

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11
Q

Philosophy dedicated to discovering theCreator’s plan by studying nature

A

Nature theology

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12
Q

sought to discover order in the diversity of life “for the greater glory of God” 1707-1778
gropued organisms by morphology-binomial nomenclature

A

Linnaeus

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13
Q

discovers paelontology-study of fossils

A

george cuvier

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14
Q

geologist; proposed theory of gradualism- profound change is the cumlulative product of slow but continous processes

A

James hutton

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15
Q

known for the theory of uniformitarianism-geoloic forces have not changed throughout earth’s history

A

charles lyell

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16
Q

believed that evolution was driven by an innate tendency forward greater and greater complexity, or perfection
mechanisms proposed were: use and disuse- those body parts used most became stronger and larger
inhertiance of aquired characteristics- modifications acquired can be passed to offspring

A

Jean Baptiste LAMARCK

17
Q

1809

theory shaped by several diff fields of study- geology, economics, voyage of the beagle

A

charles darwin

18
Q

most influenced by his own observations
1856, began writing his book
1858, alfred wallace sends him an unpublished manuscript proposing many of the same ideas
1859 The origin of species is published detailing his ideas with observational support

A

Charles Darwin

19
Q

heritable change in one or more characteristics of a pop or species from one generation to the next

A

evolution

due to two factors: variation and natural selection

20
Q

observations of evolutionary changes -evidences

A 
fossil record
biogeography
congergent evolution
selective breeding 
homologies- anatomical, developmental, and molecular
21
Q

study of the geographical distruction of extince and modern speices

A

biogeography

22
Q

naturally found only in a particular location

A

endemic

23
Q

2 diff species from diff lineages show similar characterisitcs because they occupy similar environments
ex. anteater and echidna both have long snouts and tongues to feed on ants

A

convergent evolution

24
Q

programs and procedures desinged to modofiy traits in domesticated species

A

selective breeding/artificial selection

25
Q

funademental similarity due to descent from a common ancestor
anatomical, developmental, molecular homology

A

homology

26
Q

p53 plays a role in preventing

A

cancer

27
Q

occurs when an exon and the flanking introns are inserted into a gene producing a new gene that encodes a protein with an additional domain

A

exon shuffling

Martin Bio Evolution (4 decks)

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