Chp 2 Cardiac And Respiratory

Question 0

Distole phase

Answer 0

Filling with blood

Relaxed

Question 1

The cardiac system is made up of

Answer 1

The heart
Blood
Vessels - veins, arteries, cappilaries

Question 2

Systole phase

Answer 2

Pumping blood out contraction

Question 3

Stroke volume

Answer 3

Measure of how much blood is pumped out of the heart each time it beats.
Av 70-90mL
Increases up to 40% max during exercise

Question 4

Cardiac output

Answer 4

Stroke volume x heart rate
= amount of blood pumped out per min
At rest 80mL x 60 bpm = 4800 mL/m
Max exercise 130mL x 200 bpm = 26000 mL/m

Question 5

Circulation of blood through the body

Answer 5

Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary valve
Pulmonary artery
Lungs
Pulmonary vein
Left atrium
Bicuspid valve
Left ventricle 
Aortic valve
Aorta
Body

Question 6

Amount of blood in the body

Answer 6

Adult male: approx 5-6L

Adult female: approx 4-5L

Question 7

Blood contains

Answer 7

Blood cells - red, white and platelets
Plasma
45% , 55%

Question 8

Red blood cells

Answer 8

Produced in bone marrow

Contains protein haemoglobin ( carries oxygen)

Question 9

White blood cells

Answer 9

Produced in 
bone marrow, 
lymph tissue, 
spleen
Fight infection (. Absorbs and digests)

Question 10

Platelets

Answer 10

Produced in bone marrow

Forms blood clots

Question 11

Plasma

Answer 11

Clear , yellowish fluid
90% water (dehydration)
Transports nutrients and waste
Protein fibrinogen - blood clotting

Question 12

Functions of the blood

Answer 12

-Transportation of
Gases
Fuels
Minerals
-Protection against dehydration and infection
-Maintains equilibrium via enzyme and hormone regulation

Question 13

Systolic blood pressure

Answer 13

Pressure/ force against the heart walls when it’s pumping

Question 14

Diastolic blood pressure

Answer 14

Pressure/ force against the heart walls as it’s relaxed

Question 15

Syphgmomanometer

Answer 15

Measures blood pressure
Typical reading
120 mmhg
80 mmhg

Question 16

Vascular network blood flows through

Answer 16

Arteries - arterioles 
Away from the heart
Cappilaries 
Muscles
Venules - veins
Back to the heart

Question 17

Precappilary sphincter

Answer 17

A band if smooth muscle that adjusts the blood flow into each capillary

Question 18

Pulmonary diffusion

Answer 18

The gaseous exchange that occurs in the lungs

Question 19

Respiratory system network

Answer 19

Nose/mouth
Pharaynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchus ( left or right)
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli

Question 20

Tidal volume

Answer 20

Amount of air inhaled and exhaled per breath average 500-600

Question 21

Pulmonary/minute ventilation (Ve)

Answer 21

= respiratory rate x tidal volume

At rest = 12 x .5 = 6.0L/min

Question 22

Vital capacity

Answer 22

The amount of oxygen your lungs can hold

Question 23

Steady state

Answer 23

Oxygen supply = oxygen demand
Experienced when jogging
When oxygen supply cannot equal the demand it is know as VO2 maximum

Question 24

Inspiration

Answer 24

Breathing in
Chest expands
Diaphragm contracts
Volume of lungs increase

Question 25

Expiration

Answer 25

Breathing out
Chest contracts
Diaphragm relaxes
Volume of lungs decrease

Question 26

Functions of pulmonary diffusion

Answer 26

Provide body with oxygen

Remove carbon dioxide
Happens between alveoli and cappilaries

Question 27

Arteriovenous oxygen difference

A- VO2 diff

Answer 27

Indication of oxygen concentration between the veins and arteries
How much oxygen the body used
At rest: 15ml O2 per 100ml
As exercise intensity rises the avo2 diff will increase