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AP3 > Chp 16 Pediatrics > Flashcards

Chp 16 Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

What two fractures are often commonly associated with child abuse?

A

Corner Fx and Bucket-Handle Fx

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2
Q

What is Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)?

A

Inflammation of the inner lining of the intestine.

Occurs most often in premature newborns and may lead to tissue death (necrosis) of a portion of the intestine.

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3
Q

What is a life-threatening condition that occurs when intestines fold causing obstruction?

A

Intussusception

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4
Q

What position best demonstrates the prevertebral region of the abdomen?

A

Dorsal decubitus

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5
Q

What is Atresia?

A

A medical condition where a body part that’s tubular in shape is either closed or doesn’t have a normal opening.

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6
Q

What set of images would best display croup?

A

Lateral soft tissue neck

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7
Q

When using tape to immobilize a patient, you should never…

A

Stick the adhesive side to the child

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8
Q

What technique would you use to help reduce motion when doing an exam on a child?

A

Short exposure time

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9
Q

What is pyloric stenosis?

A

A rare condition that affects the pylorus, the muscular opening between the stomach and small intestine in babies.

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10
Q

What is a weighted device to assist in positioning?

A

Sandbag

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11
Q

What would you do to the technique for osteogenesis imperfecta?

A

Decrease

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12
Q

What is the flat radiopaque device with straps to help with supine imaging called?

A

Tam-em board

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13
Q

What is a common birth defect that causes one or both feet to turn inward and downward?

A

Talipes equinovarus (clubfoot)

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14
Q

Where should the CR for a KUB on an infant be?

A

1” above umbilicus

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15
Q

What is Hirschsprung Disease?

A

A rare birth defect that occurs when the nerves in the lower part of the intestine don’t develop properly.

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16
Q

Which technique helps to immobilize the child’s arms?

A

Mummifying technique

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17
Q

Which modality would help diagnose congenital hip dislocations in newborns?

A

Sonography

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18
Q

Generally, by the age of ___, a child can be talked through an exam without parental assistance.

A

2-3 years old

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19
Q

What is a genetic disorder that causes bones to break easily?

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

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20
Q

What is the technical term for a newborn?

A

Neonate

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21
Q

What is the device used to image young children for erect abdomen and chest?

A

Pigg-O-Stat

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22
Q

What position is performed to look at both hip joints in lateral perspective?

A

Bilateral frogs

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23
Q

What exam/position is performed to determine if a child has stopped growing?

A

Bone age study/PA left hand

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24
Q

What is a disorder of abnormal development resulting in dysplasia, subluxation, and possible dislocation of the hip?

A

DDH (Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip)

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25
Q

An infection of the upper airways which becomes narrow, making it harder to breathe?

A

CROUP

26
Q

What is the new term used for battered child syndrome?

A

Suspected Nonaccidental Trauma (SNAT)

27
Q

What is intussusception?

A

Telescoping of the intestines

28
Q

What is RDS?

A

Respiratory distress syndrome

29
Q

What exam would you perform for RDS?

A

AP or PA chest

30
Q

What is Osteogenesis Imperfecta?

A

A hereditary disorder in which bones are abnormally soft and fragile.

Technique decreases

31
Q

What is RSV?

A

Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Virus that can lead to a respiratory infection in babies, children, and adults of all ages. Cold like symptoms

32
Q

What is the patient preparation for an upper GI for a 3 y/o child?

A

NPO for 4 hours prior to procedure

33
Q

What is cystic fibrosis?

A

Inherited disease, where heavy mucus secretions cause progressive ‘clogging’ of bronchi and bronchioles.

34
Q

What is croup primarily seen in?

A

1-3 yrs old. Viral infection evident by labored breathing and a harsh dry cough.

AP and lateral views of the neck and upper airway may be requested to look for tapered narrowing of the upper airway.

35
Q

What is the space between the primary and secondary growth centers called?

A

Epiphyseal plate

36
Q

What abdomen position is used to demonstrate the prevertebral region?

A

Dorsal Decub

37
Q

What does SCA stand for?

A

Suspected Child Abuse

38
Q

What does SNAT stand for?

A

Suspected Nonaccidental Trauma

39
Q

What does PIT stand for?

A

Pediatric Intentional Trauma

40
Q

What does BCS stand for?

A

Battered Child Syndrome

41
Q

What is the kVp range for PA Pediatric Chest projections?

A

75-85 kVp

42
Q

What is the kVp range for Lateral Pediatric Chest projections?

A

80-89 kVp

43
Q

What helps control motion in pediatric patients?

A

Short exposure time

44
Q

How is hip dislocation identified in newborns?

A

Sonography

45
Q

What is a Pigg-O-Stat used for?

A

Used for upright images such as chest or abdomen.

Child can be safely restrained and allows for proper positioning and keeps arms elevated.

46
Q

What is a Tam-Em Board used for?

A

Used for recumbent positioning in routine radiography and fluoroscopy.

Allows the child to lie on a radiolucent board with Velcro straps placed across head, torso, and legs to restrict movement.

47
Q

What are restraining devices for pediatric imaging?

A

Pigg-O-Stat, Tam-Em Board, Radiolucent Paddle, Mummifying, and others like radiolucent sponges, sandbags, and tape.

48
Q

What is the hip protocol on pediatric patients?

A

AP: Done first to rule out fractures. Lateral: Bilateral frogs.

AP: Patient in supine position, rotating knees and feet internally. Lateral: Abduct legs with soles of feet together.

49
Q

What is a Neonate?

A

Newborn.

50
Q

How to classify child abuse?

A

Neglect, Physical Abuse, Sexual Abuse, Psychological, emotional maltreatment, Other/unknown.

51
Q

How can radiation protection be ensured for children?

A

Reduce dose rate by eliminating grids for parts less than 4” thick, collimating, increasing kVp, and considering thickness and exposure values.

52
Q

How could you reduce exposure for a forearm and elbow study on a pediatric patient?

A

Get it all on one image to reduce exposure.

53
Q

How to use adhesive on pediatric patients?

A

Non sticky side on skin.

54
Q

What modality helps diagnose ADHD and possible tumors?

A

MRI.

55
Q

What is the CR for Pediatric Chest?

A

Mammillary Line: The Nips.

56
Q

What is the shielding protocol for boys during pediatric imaging?

A

Carefully place the upper border of the male pediatric shield at the level of the symphysis pubis.

57
Q

What is the shielding protocol for girls during pediatric imaging?

A

Carefully shield the gonadal area. Place the female pediatric shield under the umbilicus and above the pubis.

58
Q

What is a Radiolucent Paddle used for?

A

For extremities. Paddles apply pressure to restrict motion.

Careful with pressure on possible fractures.

59
Q

What is Mummifying in pediatric imaging?

A

Using sheets or towels to immobilize infants and children up to 3 years old.

60
Q

True or False:

It is the responsibility of the technologist to make a judgment as to whether child abuse has occurred.

A

False

61
Q

What is another, more current term for hyaline membrane disease?

A

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

62
Q

What are CML fractures?

A

Classical Metaphyseal Lesion

Fractures like Corner Fx or Bucket-Handle Fx are other names for CML.

AP3 (3 decks)

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