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Bio233 exam 4 > Chp 14 > Flashcards

Chp 14 Flashcards

1
Q

The human brain ranges form ____cc to ______ cc.

A

750.

2100.

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2
Q

Contains almost 98% of theh body’s neural tissue.

A

The Human Brain

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3
Q

Avg weight of human brain?

A

3 lb. (1.4kg)

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4
Q

6 Regions of the brain?

A 
Cerebrum. 
Cerebellum. 
Diencephalon. 
Mesencephalon. 
Pons. 
Medulla Oblongata.
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5
Q

what’s the Largest part of the brain?

A

Cerebrum.

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6
Q

Which part of brain controls higher mental functions?

A

Cerebrum.

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7
Q

How’s the cerebrum divided?

A

Into Left and Right Cerebral Hemispheres.

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8
Q

Another name for cerebral cortex .

A

Neural cortex

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9
Q

Gyri?

A

Elevated ridges.

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10
Q

Sulci?

A

Shallow depressions.

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11
Q

Fissures?

A

Deep Grooves.

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12
Q

Second largest part of brain?

A

Cerebellum .

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13
Q

Part of brain involved in muscle coordination?

A

Cerebellum.

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14
Q

Cerebrum is covered with. ….

A

Cerebellar cortex.

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15
Q

Ataxia caused by….

A

Damage from trauma or stroke.

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16
Q

Disorder of cerebellum that disturbs muscle coordination.l

A

Ataxia.

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17
Q

3 Divisions of Diencephalon?

A

Left Thalamus.
Right Thalamus.
Hypothalamus.

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18
Q

Links cerebrum with brain stem.

A

Diencephalon.

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19
Q

Located under cerebrum and cerebellum.

A

Diencephalon.

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20
Q

Relays and processes sensory information.

A

Thalamus.

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21
Q

3 functions of hypothalamus?

A

Hormone Production.
Emotion.
Autonomic function.

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22
Q

The Brain Stem processes information between the….

A

Spinal cord and cerebrum.

Spinal cord and cerebellum.

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23
Q

Brain stem includes….

A

Mesencephalon.
Pons.
Medulla Oblongata.

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24
Q

Also called midbrain, processes sight, sound, and associated reflexes.

A

Mesencephalon.

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25
Q

What part of the brain maintains consciousness?

A

Mesencephalon.

26
Q

Connects cerebellum to brain stem.

A

Pons.

27
Q

Involved in somatic and visceral motor control.

A

Pons.

28
Q

Connects brain to spinal cord.

A

Medulla Oblongata.

29
Q

Part of brain that relays information and regulates autonomic functions.

A

Medulla Oblongata.

30
Q

Responsible for vitals.

A

Medulla Oblongata.

31
Q

Allows CSF to flow through brain.

A

Ventricles.

32
Q

Where do brain functions become more complex and variable?

A

Ascending from the medulla oblongata to the cerebrum.

33
Q

Where are conscious thought and intelligence produced??

A

The Neural Cortex.

34
Q

3 things considered physical protection of the brain.

A

Bones of the cranium.
Cranial Meninges.
Cerebrospinal Fluid.

35
Q

Biochemical isolation of the brain.

A

Blood brain barrier.

36
Q

3 layers of cranial meninges.

A

Dura Mater.
Arachnoid Mater.
Pia Mater.

37
Q

What protects the brain from cranial trauma?

A

The Cranial Meninges.

38
Q

Part of cranial meninges that’s connected to inside of skull bones.

A

Dura Mater.

39
Q

Surrounds all exposed surface of CNS.

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid.

40
Q

What nerves tell cells to make CSF?

A

Choroid Plexus.

41
Q

3 Functions of CSF.

A

Cushions delicate neural structures.

Supports Brain.

Transports nutrients, chemical messengers, and waste products.

42
Q

CSF circulates….

A

From choroid plexus through ventricles to central canal of spinal cord into subarachnoid space around the brain, spinal cord, and cauda equina.

43
Q

How’s blood supply delivered to the brain?

A

Delivered by internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries.

44
Q

How’s blood removed from the brain?

A

Removed from dural sinuses by internal jugular veins.

45
Q

cerebrovascular disease?

A

disorder that interferes with blood circulation to brain.

46
Q

What happens during a stroke or cerebrovascular accident do?

A

Shuts off blood to portion of brain.

Neurons die?

47
Q

Where are reflex centers located?

A

The Medulla.

48
Q

Main function of the Diencephalon?

A

Integrates sensory information and motor commands.

49
Q

Where’s the Pineal Gland found?

A

Posterior epithalamus.

50
Q

Secretes hormone melatonin.

A

The Pineal gland.

51
Q

Filters ascending sensory information for primary sensory cortex.

A

The Thalamus.

52
Q

Relays information between basal nuclei and cerebral cortex.

A

The Thalamus.

53
Q

Separates left thalamus and right thalamus.

A

The Third Ventricle.

54
Q

Mamillary bodies are a structure of what?

A

The Hypothalamus.

55
Q

Mamillary bodies do what two things?

A

Process olfactory and other sensory information.

Control reflex eating movements.

56
Q

8 functions of the hypothalamus.

A

Provides subconscious control of skeletal muscle.
Controls autonomic function.
Coordinates actiivites of nervous and endocrine systems.
Secretes hormones ADH and OT.
Produces emotions and behavioral drives.
Coordinates voluntary and autonomic functions.
Regulates body temperature.
Controls Circadian rhythms.

57
Q

What tells kidneys to retain water, causing decrease in urine production.

A

ADH.

58
Q

Stimulates uterine muscle contractions.

A

OT.

59
Q

What’s the thermostat of the body?

A

hypothalamus.

60
Q

3 characteristics of the limbic system.

A

Establishes emotional states.
Links conscious functions of cerebral cortex with autonomic functions of brain stem.
Facilitates memory storage and retrieval.

61
Q

Interfaces limbic system, cerebrum, and sensory systems.

A

Amygdaloid body.

62
Q

Reticular formation

A

Simulation or inhibition affects emotions.

Bio233 exam 4 (2 decks)

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