Chapter 15

Question 1

Sensory Receptors

Answer 1

Specialized cells that monitor specific conditions in the body or external environment.

Question 2

Sensory Pathways

Answer 2

Deliver somatic and visceral sensory information to their final destinations inside the CNS.

Question 3

Sensory pathways use what three things to deliver information?

Answer 3

Nerves.
Nuclei.
Tracts.

Question 4

Travel from motor centers in the brain along somatic motor pathways…

Answer 4

Somatic Motor Commands.

Question 5

Somatic motor commands use somatic motor pathways of….

Answer 5

Motor nuclei.
Tracts.
Nerves.

Question 6

Where are Pain receptors common?

Answer 6

Superficial portions of the skin.
Joint Capsules.
Walls of blood cells.

Question 7

Another name for Pain Receptors.

Answer 7

Nociceptors.

Question 8

Nociceptors may be sensitive to…

Answer 8

Extremes of temperature.
Mechanical Damage.
Dissolved Chemicals.

Question 9

Two fibers that carry painful sensations.

Answer 9

Type A.

Type C.

Question 10

Another name for thermoreceptors.

Answer 10

Temperature receptors.

Question 11

What are thermoreceptors?

Answer 11

Free nerve endings.

Question 12

Where are thermoreceptors located?

Answer 12

The dermis.
Skeletal muscles.
the liver.
the hypothalamus.

Question 13

Sensitive to stimuli that distort their cell membranes.

Answer 13

Mechanoreceptors.

Question 14

Contain mechanically regulated ion channels whose gates open or close in response to….

Answer 14

Stretching.
Compression.
Twisting.
Other distortions of the membrane.

Question 15

3 classes of mechanoreceptors?

Answer 15

Tactile receptors.
Baroreceptors.
Proprioceptors.

Question 16

Type of mechanoreceptor that provides sensations of touch, pressure, and vibration.

Answer 16

Tactile Receptors.

Question 17

Type of mechanoreceptor that detects pressure changes in the walls of blood vessels.

Answer 17

Baroreceptors.

Question 18

Type of mechanoreceptors that monitors the positions of joints and muscles.

Answer 18

Proprioceptors.

Question 19

2 places where chemoreceptors are located.

Answer 19

Carotid bodies.

Aortic bodies.

Question 20

Receptors that monitor Ph, carbon dioxide, and oxygen levels in arterial blood.

Answer 20

Chemoreceptors.

Question 21

Carry sensory information form the skin and musculature of the body wall, head, neck, and limbs.

Answer 21

Somatic Sensory Pathways.

Question 22

3 major somatic sensory pathways.

Answer 22

The posterior column pathway.
The anterolateral pathway.
The spinocerebellar pathway.

Question 23

Carries sensations of highly localized (fine) touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception.

Answer 23

Posterior column pathway.

Question 24

Spinocerebellar pathway carries what to where?

Answer 24

Carries proprioceptors information to the cerebellum.

Question 25

Carries fine touch, pressure, vibration, proprioception.

Answer 25

Dorsal Column Pathway.

Question 26

Ends in the cerebellum >post central gyrus > Parietal Lobe.

Answer 26

Dorsal Column Pathway.

Question 27

Where do axons cross in Dorsal Column Pathway?

Answer 27

Medulla and brain stem.

Question 28

Two tracts of anterolateral system?

Answer 28

Lateral Spinothalamic tract.

Anterior spinothalamic tract.

Question 29

Carries pain and temperature to the postcentral gyrus of the cerebrum.

Answer 29

Lateral Spinothalamic Tract.

Question 30

Carries crude touch to the post central gyrus of the cerebrum.

Answer 30

Anterior Spinothalamic Tract.

Question 31

Functional map of the primary sensory cortex?

Answer 31

Sensory Homunculus.

Question 32

SNS?

Answer 32

Somatic motor system.

Controls contractions of skeletal muscles.

Question 33

ANS?

Answer 33

Visceral motor system.

Controls visceral effectors, such as smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands.

Question 34

2 motor neurons of somatic motor pathways.

Answer 34

upper motor neuron.

lower motor neuron.

Question 35

Cell body lies in a CNS processing center.

Answer 35

Upper motor neuron.

Question 36

Cell body lies in a nucleus of the brain stem or spinal cord.

Answer 36

Lower motor neuron.

Question 37

Components of medial pathway do what?

Answer 37

help control gross movements of trunk and proximal limb muscles.

Question 38

Components of lateral pathway do what?

Answer 38

help control distal limb muscles that perform more precise movements.