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SAD > CHP 12 > Flashcards

CHP 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What is upsizing?

A

personnel computers being linked together to form networks that support work-group computing

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2
Q

What is downsizing?

A

migrating mainframe applications to personal computers, workstations and networks

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3
Q

What is corporate restructuring?

A

mergers, acquisitions, and consolidations requires connection/replacement of existing stand-alone applications

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4
Q

Why are applications being downsized to cloud-based architectures?

A

more cost effective, scalable, and manageable

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5
Q

What information must be considered for designing distributed systems?

A

site, processing needs, and data information for each location in environment

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6
Q

What is a LAN?

A

cabling, hardware and software used to connect workstations, computers, and file serves located in a confined area

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7
Q

What is a file server?

A

device that manages file operations and is shared by each client PC attached to a LAN

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8
Q

What are the 3 limitations of File Servers?

A
  1. Excessive data movement
  2. need for powerful client workstation
  3. Decentralized data control
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9
Q

What is the client/server architecture?

A

in LAN environment, its a central database server/engine performing all commands sent from client workstations, and application programs on each client concentrate on user interface functions

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10
Q

What is a Database engine?

A

backend portion of the client/server database system running on the server that provides database processing and shared access functions

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11
Q

What is a Client?

A

front end portion of the client/server database system that provides user interface and data manipulation functions

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12
Q

What is an Application program interface? (API)

A

Software building blocks used to ensure common system capabilities

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13
Q

What are the 4 advantages to adopting client/server architecture?

A
  1. allows companies to leverage benefits of microcomputer technology
  2. allows most processing to be performed close to the source of processed data>improving response time and network traffic
  3. use of graphical user interfaces and visual presentation techniques
  4. encourages/allows acceptance of open systems
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14
Q

What is the difference b/w a file server and a client/server

A

file server supports only the distribution of data

client/server supports both distribution of data and distribution of processing

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15
Q

What are the 3 general components to any IS?

A
  1. Data management; manage all interactions b/w software, files and databases
  2. Data presentation; manage interface b/w system users and software
  3. Data analysis; transform inputs into outputs
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16
Q

What is an application Server?

A

computing server where data analysis functions primarily reside

17
Q

What is a Three-tiered client/server?

A

combine 3 logical and distinct applications: data management, presentation, and analysis into a single information application

18
Q

What is a Middleware

A

brings together distinct hardware, software and communication technologies in order to create a 3 tiered client/server environment

19
Q

What is the Domain naming system (BIND; Berkeley Internet Name Domain)

A

translating internet domain names into internet protocol (IP) addresses.

20
Q

What is Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)?

A

standard language for representing content on the Web through the use of hundreds of command tags

21
Q

What is HTTP?

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol; communication protocol for exchanging information on the internet

22
Q

What is XML?

A

internet-authorizing language that allows designers to create customized tags, enabling the definition, transmission, validation, and interpretation of data between applications

23
Q

What is Thin client?

A

client device designed so that most processing and data storage occur on the server

24
Q

What is cascading style sheets (CSSs)?

A

set of style rules that tells a web browser how to present a document

25
Q

What is eXtensible Style Language?

A

specification for separating style from content when generating HTML documents

26
Q

What is personalization?

A

providing internet content to a user based upon knowledge of that customer

27
Q

What is Customization?

A

internet sites allow users to customize content and look of the the site based on personal preferences

28
Q

Context development

A

method that helps analysts to better understand how a system fits w/i existing business activites and data

29
Q

Integration depth?

A

how far into the existing technology infrastructure a system penetrates (deep/shallow)

30
Q

organizational breadth?

A

measurement that tracks the core business functions affected by a system (wide/narrow)

31
Q

Online transaction processing (OLTP)

A

immediate automated responses to the requests of users

32
Q

Online analytical processing

A

OLAP; uses graphical software tools that provide complex analysis of data stored in a database

33
Q

operational systems

A

systems that are used to interact w/ customers and run a business in real time

34
Q

Inforation systems

A

designed to support decision making based on stable point-in-time of historical data

35
Q

Data Warehouse

A

subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant, nonvolatile collection of data used in support of management decision making

36
Q

Enterprise data warehouse (EDW)

A

centralized, integrated data repository that serves as the control point of all data made available to end users

37
Q

Data mart

A

data warehouse that is limited in scope; data is obtained by selecting and summarizing data from the EDW

38
Q

Content management system (CMS)

A

special type of software app for collecting, organizing and publishing website content

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