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Molecular Bio > Chp 1 > Flashcards

Chp 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Robert Hooke

A

Discovered Cells in a piece of cork; created microscope

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2
Q

Robert Hooke Year

A

1665

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3
Q

Anton van leeuwenhoek year

A

1674

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4
Q

Anton van leeuwenhoek

A

increased the magnification to 200x

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5
Q

Schleiden & Schwann

A

1838 created 1st two tenets of the cell theory

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6
Q

1st two tenets of cell theory

A
  1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells
  2. The cell is the structural unit of life
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7
Q

Virchow

A

1855 - proposed the third tenet of cell theory

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8
Q

Third tenet of cell theory

A
  1. cells can only arise by division from a preexisting cell
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9
Q

Pasteur’s Experiment

A

1864 - two flasks both boiled then incubated; the curved flask didn’t grow bacteria the open flask did.

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10
Q

Pasteurs Conclusions

A
  1. support for germ theory/against spontaneous generation
  2. cells are in the environment
  3. cells need nutrients to grow and divide
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11
Q

Sterilization

A

high temperature and high pressure; extends shelf life by months; loses nutritional value; kills spores

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12
Q

Pasteurization

A

low heat treatment; nutrients remain; kills microorganisms

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13
Q

Ionic bonds

A
  • bond between oppositely charged ions
    -electronegativity >2.1
  • metal and non metal
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14
Q

Electronegativity Differences

A

Non-Polar Covalent - <0.5
Polar Covalent 0.52.1

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15
Q

Covalent

A
  • two nonmetals
    -sharing of electrons
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16
Q

hydrogen bonds

A

interaction of H and the lone pain of N,O,or F; highest boiling point

17
Q

hydrophobic interactions

A
  • avoid polar molecules
18
Q

van der Waals attraction

A

induces charge fluctuation; distance dependent

19
Q

Why are covalent bonds critical to biological systems?

A

-very stable and are what make most biological molecules
- allows more complexity in life

20
Q

Properties of Water

A
  • high polarity
  • excellent solvent
  • high heat capacity
    -cohesive and adhesive properties
  • less dense as a solid
21
Q

pH formulas

A

pH=-log[H+]
[H+]=10^-pH

Molecular Bio (7 decks)

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