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Comparative Vertebrate Morphology Lab > Chordate Review Quiz > Flashcards

Chordate Review Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

what are the common names for Echinodermata

A

sea stars, sea cucumbers, sand dollars

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2
Q

what is a characteristic of Echinodermata

A

bilateral symmetry as larvae, but develop radial symmetry as adults (pentameral shape)

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3
Q

how do Echinodermata move

A

internal water canals that form suction “tube-feet”

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4
Q

what are characteristics of Chordata

A

bilateral symmetry, segmented body, coelom, hollow dorsal nerve cord, notochord, pharyngeal respiration, ventral heart, blood runs posterior

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5
Q

what are the three types of chordata

A

Cephalochordata, Urochordata, and Vertebrata (Craniata)

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6
Q

what are the common names of Cephalochordata

A

lancelets or Amphioxus

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7
Q

what is a diagnostic feature of Cephalochordata

A

notochord extends entire body length (i.e. name of them)

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8
Q

what are the common names of Urochordata

A

tunicates or sea squirts

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9
Q

what is a diagnostic feature or Urochordata

A

sac-like tunic and two sets of siphons

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10
Q

what is a diagnostic feature of Vertebrata (Craniata)

A

skeleton with vertebrae and cranium, pituitary and thyroid glands, muscular heart, advanced nervous system

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11
Q

what are the diagnostic features of agnatha

A

no jaws, no true paired appendages

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12
Q

what is the common name of agnatha

A

cyclostomes (circle mouth)

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13
Q

what are the three types of Agnatha

A

Cyclostomata, Pteraspidomorpha, and Cephalaspidomorpha

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14
Q

what are the two types of Cyclostomata

A

Myxiniformes, Petromyzontiformes

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15
Q

what is the common name for Myxiniformes

A

hagfishes

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16
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Myxiniformes

A

parasitic, elongated body, eel-like, terminal open mouth, no maternal appendages

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17
Q

what is the common name of Petromyzontiformes

A

Lamprey

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18
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Petromyzontiformes

A

parasitic, elongated body, eel-like, terminal open mouth, no lateral appendages

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19
Q

what are diagnostic features of Pteraspidomorpha

A

two nostrils (diplorhina)

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20
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Cephalaspidomoprha

A

single nostril (monorhina)

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21
Q

what are the two types of Vertebrata (Craniata)

A

Agnatha, Gnathostomata

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22
Q

what are diagnostic features of Gnathostomata

A

jaws

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23
Q

what are the three types of Gnathostomata

A

Placoderms, Chondrichthyes, and Teleostomi

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24
Q

what are diagnostic features of Placodermi

A

bony armor (varying degree), and head and thoracic armor at movable hinge.

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25
Q

what are the two types of Chondrichthyes

A

Elasmobranchii and Holocephali

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26
Q

what are diagnostic features of Chondrichthyes

A

solid cranium, males have clasping organs, no lungs or bladder, chiefly marine

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27
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Elasmobranchii

A

separate gill openings, spiracle present, numerous teeth (replaced)

28
Q

what is the common name of Selachimorpha

A

sharks

29
Q

what are diagnostic features of Selachimorpha

A

mental mouth, paired fines, no median axis, tail heterocercal

30
Q

what are the common names of Batidoidimorpha

A

rays and skates

31
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Batidoidimorpha

A

torso-ventrally flattened, mouth ventral, paired fins with broad base, weakly heterocercal tails

32
Q

what are the common name of Holocephali

A

chimaeras and ratfish

33
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Holocephali

A

gill opens covered by operculum, spiracle absent, naked skin, open lateral line system, few teeth

34
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Acanthodii

A

numerous paired fins supported by stout spines

35
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Teleostomi

A

complete bony endoskeleton

36
Q

what are the three types of Telostomi

A

Actinopterygii, Neopterygii, and Sarcopterygii

37
Q

what are the two types of Actinopterygii

A

Palaeonisciformes, and Chondrostei

38
Q

what is the common name of Palaeonisciformes

A

primitive ray-finned fish

39
Q

what are diagnostic features of Palaeoniscifiromes

A

ganoid scales, heterocercal tail, poor ossified skeleton, and spiracle

40
Q

what are the common names of Chondrostei

A

sturgeon, paddlefishes, and reedfishes

41
Q

what are diagnostic features of Chondrostei

A

cartilage endoskeleton, and spiracle

42
Q

what are the two types of Chondrostei

A

Polypteriformes and Acipenseriformes

43
Q

what are the common names of Polypteriformes

A

bichirs, and reedfishes

44
Q

what are the diagnostic features or Polypteriformes

A

flesh pectoral fins, dorsal fin divided into many finlets

45
Q

what are the common names of Acipenseriformes

A

sturgeon, paddlefish

46
Q

what are diagnostic features of Acipenseriformes

A

heavy ganoid scales, endoskeleton poorly ossified, heavily ossified cranium

47
Q

what is the common name of Neopterygii

A

advanced ray-finned fishes

48
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Neopterygii

A

increased jaw mobility, reduced scales and homocercal tail

49
Q

what are the common names of Holostei

A

gars and bowfins

50
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Holostei

A

ganoid scales, skull bones fused and thick, teeth on all mouth bones

51
Q

what are the two types of Holostei

A

Lepisosteiformes and Amiiformes

52
Q

what is the common name of Lepisosteiformes

A

gars

53
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Lepisosteiformes

A

ganoid scales, skull bones fused and thick, long jaws

54
Q

what is the common name of Amiiformes

A

bowfins

55
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Amiiformes

A

ganoid scales, skull bones fused and thick

56
Q

What are the common names of Teleosti

A

most living fish

57
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Teleosti

A

reduced scales, ossified vertebrae, circular scales when present, swim bladder

58
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Sarcopterygii

A

internal nostrils, strong jaws

59
Q

what are the two types of Sarcopterygii

A

Crossopterygii and Dipnoi

60
Q

What are the two types of Crossopterygii

A

Rhipidistia and Coelacanthiformes (Actinistia)

61
Q

what are the common names for Rhipidistia

A

rhipidistians or (osteoleis)

62
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Rhipidistia

A

modified skull for greater mobility and specialized feeding, labyrinth teeth

63
Q

what are the common names for Coelacanthiformes (Actinistia)

A

latimeria, and coelacanth

64
Q

what are diagnostic features of Coelacanthiformes (Actinistia)

A

prominent notochord, swim bladder filled with fat in non-extinct fishes

65
Q

what is the common name of Dipnoi

A

lung fish

66
Q

what are the diagnostic features of Dipnoi

A

endoskeleton poorly ossified pectoral fin, few forming large crushing plates

67
Q

what are the two types of Elasmobranchii

A

Selachimorpha and Batidoidimorpha

Comparative Vertebrate Morphology Lab (2 decks)

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