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Pharmacology > Cholinomimetics/ Lytics > Flashcards

Cholinomimetics/ Lytics Flashcards

1
Q

Neurotransmitter in parasympathetic system

A

ACh

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2
Q

Cholinoreceptors include

A

Muscarinic and nicotinic receptors

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3
Q

Location of nicotinic receptors

A

Skeletal muscle endplates adrenal medulla

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4
Q

Location of muscarinic receptors

A

M1 CNS
M2 heart
M3 smooth muscle and exocrine glands

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5
Q

Activation of cholinergic receptors causes?

A

Negative chronotropic, inotropic and dromotropic effects
Bronchoconstriction, increase bronchosecretions, vasodilation
Acid production

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6
Q

Examples of direct acting parasympathomimetics

A

Pilocarpine, bethanechol carbachol

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7
Q

Examples of indirect acting cholinergic drugs

A

Neostigmine, physiostigmine, endrophonium, demecarium

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8
Q

Mechanism of action of indirect acting cholinomimetics

A

Prevent the action of Acetylcholinesterase.

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9
Q

Mechanism of action of muscarinic cholinomimetics

A

-Activate muscarinic receptors
-Receptors activate inhibitory G Protein which stimulate phospholipase C.
-this leads to mobilization of intracellular calcium and influx of extracellular calcium

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10
Q

Mechanism of action of nicotinic cholinomimetics

A

-they act on nicotinic receptors which act as ligand gated ion channels.
- activation of which causes conformational changes leading to influx of sodium

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11
Q

Clinical uses of cholinomimetics and Ach

A

Treat myasthenia gravis
Postparative ileus
Urinary retention
Acute angle glaucoma

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12
Q

Mechanism of action of indirect acting cholinomimetics

A

Prevent the açtion of cholinesterases to increase concentration of ACh and it bioavailability at neuromuscular junction

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13
Q

Examples of cholinoreceptor antagonist

A

Atropine(prototype)
Scopolamine
Ipratropium bromide
Tiotropium

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14
Q

Clinical uses of cholinoreceptor antagonist

A

Benztropine: treat parkinson’s
Ipratropium bromide: can’t cross BBB treats COPD and asthma
Tertiary amines cross BBB can antagonist organophosphate compounds

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15
Q

Examples of tertiary amines

A

Atropine and scopolamine

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16
Q

Contraindication of cholinoreceptor agonists

A

COPD and Asthma

17
Q

Use of scopolamine?

A

Treats sea sickness.
Competition antagonist of ACh at receptor prevents the vestibule from communicating with vomiting centres

18
Q

Treatment of organophosphate compound poisoning

A

Atropine
Pralidoxime
Diazepam for convulsions

19
Q

Mechanism of action of organophosphorus compunds

A

AChE inhibitor.

Pharmacology (2 decks)

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