cholinergics and anticholinergics

Question 1

direct cholinergic agonist at muscarinic receptor (alkaloid)

Answer 1

pilocarpine

Question 2

direct cholinergic agonist at muscarinic receptor (choline ester)

Answer 2

bethanechol

Question 3

direct cholinergic agonist at nicotinic receptor

Answer 3

low dose nicotine (also an indirect agonist due to activation of ganglionic synapse)

varenicline

Question 4

indirect cholinergic agonist (reversible AChE inhibitors) - crosses BBB

Answer 4

donepezil (crosses BBB, used to treat symptoms of dementia)

Question 5

indirect cholinergic agonist (reversible AChE inhibitors) - short acting

Answer 5

edrophnium (short acting, used to diagnose MG)

Question 6

indirect cholinergic agonist (reversible AChE inhibitors) - carbamates

Answer 6

neostigmine (does not cross the BBB) - used for reversal of paralysis from non depolarizing NMBAs

physostigmine

pyrodistigmine

Question 7

indirect cholinergic agonist (irreversible AChE inhibitors) -organophosphates

Answer 7

sarin (chemical weapon)

soman

malathion (insecticide)

parathion

Question 8

direct cholinergic antagonist, muscarinic, crosses BBB

Answer 8

atropine
benzatropine
scopolamine
oxybutynin

Question 9

direct cholinergic antagonist, muscarinic, does not cross BBB

Answer 9

ipratropium

Question 10

direct cholinergic antagonist, nicotinic, non depolarizing NMBA, short acting

Answer 10

rocuronium

Question 11

direct cholinergic antagonist, nicotinic, non depolarizing NMBA, intermediate acting

Answer 11

pancuronium

Question 12

direct cholinergic antagonist, nicotinic, non depolarizing NMBA, long acting

Answer 12

tubocurarine

Question 13

indirect cholinergic antagonist (ganglionic blockers)

Answer 13

high dose nicotine (ganglionic blockers - parasympatholytic, sympatholytic)

Question 14

indirect cholinergic antagonists, depolarizing NMBA

Answer 14

succinylcholine

Question 15

indirect cholinergic antagonists, depolarizing NMBA, presynaptic toxin

Answer 15

botulinum toxin (botox)