Cholinergic Agents Flashcards
Pilocarpine
Direct Cholinergic Agonist
Muscarinic Receptor Agonist
M1, M2, M3 (main bc applied topically to eye)
M3:
Contracts sphincter muscle of the iris (pupil constriction) and opening of Canal of Schlemm (treats narrow angle glaucoma)
Contracts ciliary muscle (tx for open angle glaucoma)
Methacoline
Direct Cholinergic Agonist
Muscarinic Receptor Agonist
M1, M2, M3 (main)
M3:
Inhaled form used for smooth muscle contraction of bronchi
Used in Bronchial Challenge Test for dx of Asthma
Bethanechol
Direct Cholinergic Agonist
Muscarinic Receptor Agonist
M2, M3
M3:
Increase bladder contraction and relaxation of bladder sphincter
Uses: Post-Operative Ileus and Urinary Retention
Atropine
Muscarinic Antagonist
Competitive Antagonist
M1, M2, M3
Block M1: Sedation (decreased CNS stimulation)
Block M2: Tachycardia
Block M3: Decreased GI Motility, Urinary Retention, and Produces MYDRIASIS
Scopolamine
Muscarinic Antagonist
Competitive Antagonist
M1, M2, M3
Crosses BBB
M1: Prevents motion sickness
Benztropine
Muscarinic Antagonist
Competitive Antagonist
M1, M2, M3
Crosses BBB
M1: Blocks receptors on Corpus Striatum, preventing dopaminergic neurons from inhibiting GABA outflow
Uses: Parkinsons
Ipratropium
Muscarinic Antagonist
Competitive Antagonist
When inhaled Blocks M3
Relaxes smooth muscle around the bronchi and causes bronchodilation
Uses: COPD and Asthma
Oxybutynin
Muscarinic Antagonist
Antagonist
M1, M2, M3
M3: Increased bladder sphincter tone, reducing urinary incontinence
Neostigmine
Indirect Cholinomimetic Agonist
Anti-cholinesterase
Reversibly inhibits Acetylcholinesterase
Increasing stimulation of Nicotinic and Muscarinic Receptors
Uses:
Stimulate GI and Bladder in post-operative ileum
Myasthenia Gravis
Edrophonium and Pyridostigmine
Indirect Cholinomimetic Agonist
Anti-cholinesterase
Reversibly inhibits Acetylcholinesterase
Increasing stimulation of Nicotinic and Muscarinic Receptors
Edrophonium: Short Acting, used to dx Myasthenia Gravis
Pyridostigmine: Used to treat Myasthenia Gravis
Tacrine
Donepezil, Galantamine, Rivastigmine
Indirect Cholinomimetic Agonist
Anti-cholinesterase
Reversibly inhibits Acetylcholinesterase
Use: Alzheimer Disease (only slows progression of disease)
M1 Receptor
Muscarinic Receptor
CNS Stimulation
M2 Receptor
Muscarinic Receptor
Decreases HR
M3 Receptor
Muscarinic Receptor
Increases GI Motility Increases Exocrine Secretions Increases Bladder Contractions Contracts Sphincter Muscle (miosis) Contracts Ciliary Muscle
Nm Receptor
Nicotinic Receptor
Activation of Na/K Channels
Promotes Muscle Contraction
