Cholesterols Flashcards
lipoprotein
apoprotein + lipid. Lipids bind to apoproteins so be soluble in plasma
High-density lipoproteins (HDL):
about half protein and half lipid, and most of their lipid is phospho- lipid and cholesterol. HELPFUL
Low-density lipoproteins (LDL):
only about 22% protein, and most of their lipid is cholesterol, with smaller amounts of phospholipid and triglycerides. LOUSY. Causative, that is, it actually causes atherosclerosis.
Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL):
only about 10% protein, and most of their lipid is triglycerides, with smaller amounts of phospholipid and cholesterol
Chylomicrons
exceedingly small lipid droplets that pass from bowel mucosa into intestinal lymphatics, which dump them into the bloodstream, about 85% triglyceride, cleared from plasma by the liver
Benefits of lowering cholesterol
- Decreasing total cholesterol by 50 mg/dL cuts in half the risk of dying from a heart attack
- Evidence suggests that atherosclerosis may not develop with total cholesterol levels below 150 mg/ dL
High triglyceride amplifies
amplifies the vascular risk of high LDL cholesterol or low HDL cholesterol
Total cholesterol below 200mg/dl
is considered desirable for good health, and the lower the better: lowering total cholesterol has benefits at almost any initial cholesterol level (any starting point)
HDL, LDL, causation/marker
High LDL is causative - it causes atherosclerosis
High HDL is associative - it is associated with lower risk of vascular disease - “marker”
Dont focus on reducing your fat consumption
change the type of fat you consume. unsaturated, liquid at room temp = good,
saturated, solid at room temp = bad
desirable cholesterol values
total <200
HDL >60
LDL <100
Triglyceride <150
