Cholesterol Lowering Meds Flashcards
Sources of cholesterol
Exogenous: dietary (food)
Endogenous: internal (genetics)
Hepatic synthesis (liver makes it)
3 main types of lipoproteins
VLDLs: triglycerides
Account for almost all triglycerides in the blood
LDLs: mainly cholesterol
Deliver cholesterol to non-hepatic tissues
Relationship to LDL and CAD
HDLs: carry cholesterol from peripheral tissues back to liver helping remove it
HDLs reduce risk of CAD
Cholesterol mechanism with ACS
Cholesterol scrapes BVs—
Causes micro tears—
Foam cells trick body into thinking damage to BVs—
Clotting cascade ensues—
Blood clots
Cyclical in nature: leads to:
Ruptures and blockage
Acute coronary syndrome
S/s
CNSPSD
Chest pain
Nausea
Sweating
Peripheral pain
SOB
Dizziness
Cholesterol levels
Total cholesterol level: <200
Cholesterol non med therapy
Diet
Reduction of RF:
Belly fat
Same as CAD
Cholesterol lowering agents
HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors: statins
Reduce LDL
Elevate HDL
Promote plaque stability
“Statins”
AR:
hepatotoxicity
Myopathy
Cholesterol lowering agents
Bile acid sequestrants
Adjunct therapy with statins
Cause liver to create more bile acids and lower cholesterol levels
Name: cholestyramine
Cholesterol lowering agents
Bile acid sequestrants
SE
Constipation
Diarrhea
Flatulence
Dyspepsia
Cholesterol lowering agents
Fenofibrates
Reduces VLDLs
Increase HDLs
Name: fenofibrate
SE: dyspepsia
Diarrhea
Gallstones
Cholesterol lowering agents
Cholesterol absorption inhibitors
Blocks biliary and dietary cholesterol absoprtion
Name: ezetimibe
SE:
HA
Diarrhea
Nausea
Rash
Cholesterol lowering agents
Niacin
Only for those with severly elvevated triglycerides (>500)
Name: niacin
SE:
Flushin
Pruritis
Gastric irritation
Negatice circulatory effects
