Choking, Anaphylaxis, and Paracetamol overdose Flashcards
What are the features of a partial airway obstruction?
- will only block part of the airway
- productive cough will be evident
- noisy airway due to blockage
- needs encouragement to cough
What are the features of a complete airway obstruction?
- fully closes off the airway
- unproductive cough evident
- no noise coming from airway due to complete blockage
- needs fast intervention from rescuer
When a patient has an airway blockage what should you do?
encourage the pt to cough, if effective cough is present, encourage pt to cough more and gently pat back to help
If you encourage a patient to cough and an ineffective cough is present, what should you do?
advise patient to stand and lean them forward, support them across their shoulder at the from with one arm and position yourself to the side of the patient and give 5 hard back blows
How do you give back blows?
between the shoulder bladed at the back with the flat of tour hand, checking between each blow for signs of change
If you complete 5 back blows and they are unsuccessful, what should you do?
perform 5 abdominal thrust by making a fist under the point of the patient’s ribcage at the diaphragm muscle, grab first with other hand and pull inwards and upwards in a short sharp motion (J shape), check between each thrust for signs of change
If you complete 5 abdominal thrust and there is stil no sign of recovery from the patient what should you do?
phone ambulance early if no sign of recovery from patient, repeat the process until one of 2 things happens; the item dislodges or the patient collapses
If a choking patient collapses what should you do?
ensure the ambulance is updated and begin CPR
What are the 2 caveats when managing a choking patient?
- pregnant women only get back blows due to the risk to the babies life during abdominal thrust manoeuvre
- bariatric patients will only get back blows it you cannot physically get your arms around to perform abdominal thrusts
RCUK advises attempting to place hands higher up the sternum is possible
What does ABCDE stand for?
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure/everything else
What happens to the body during anaphylaxis?
- the body repsonds to the trigger which causes the immune system to release a flood or chemicals which can cause the patient to go into shock
- it does this in response to this potential threat enter the body further
- spotting the signs and symptoms early is critical to the outcome of the patient
What are the ABCDE signs and symptoms fo anaphylaxis?
A - stridor, wheezing
B - increased RR (as high as 30), decreased Sp02, rapid shallow breaths
C - drastically decreased BP due to vasodilation, increased CRT, tachycardia, bounding pulse
D - ACVPU: A but with sense of impending doom, glucose NA
E - flushing, urticarial rash, angioedema of lips, nose, tongue. Stomach cramps, urinary incontinence, bowel incontinence, vomiting, nausea
How is anaphylaxis managed?
- phone 999 and state anaphylaxis
- remove the source (if known)
- try to lay patient in supine position to restore BP
- administer 1:1000 adrenaline IM 0.5mg (1mg/1ml) recommended in the anterolateral thigh
- 02 - 15L/min via non re-breather mask
- if patient has autoinjector then use this first before using adrenaline on emergency kit
- repeat after 5 mins if required
What is the dosage of adrenaline to be given to a 9 month-5 year old to treat anaphylaxis?
0.15mg
What is the dosage of adrenaline to be given to a 6-11 year old to treat anaphylaxis?
0.3mg
