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Exam Flashcards > CHM031 M1 SA W1 > Flashcards

CHM031 M1 SA W1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of chemistry primarily focused on?

A

Study of matter, transformations of matter, and behavior of matter

Chemistry investigates how different substances interact, change, and behave under various conditions.

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2
Q

Define matter.

A

Occupies space, has mass, consists of atoms and molecules

Matter can be found in various states, including solid, liquid, and gas.

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3
Q

What are the two main scales of chemistry?

A

Macroscopic and atomic

The macroscopic scale refers to matter visible to the naked eye, while the atomic scale involves individual atoms and molecules.

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4
Q

What is meant by the macroscopic scale in chemistry?

A

Matter that can be seen with the naked eye

Examples include a piece of copper or a liquid in a beaker.

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5
Q

What does the atomic scale refer to?

A

Nanoscale or molecular scale

At this scale, individual atoms and molecules cannot be seen.

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6
Q

What is the purpose of chemistry as an experimental science?

A

To design thoughtful experiments and make careful observations of macroscopic amounts of matter

Chemistry relies heavily on experimentation and observation to understand matter.

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7
Q

What is the scientific method?

A

Examining results to see if there are alternative ways to interpret the data

This method is crucial for verifying hypotheses and theories in science.

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8
Q

What are qualitative observations?

A

Observations involving color, appearance, and statements without measurements or numbers

Examples include describing an object as ‘large’ or ‘hot’.

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9
Q

What are quantitative observations?

A

Quantity or attribute that is measurable, expressed with numbers and units

Dimensions include mass, time, distance, volume, density, temperature, and color.

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10
Q

Give an example of a quantitative observation.

A

Weighing out 6.25 grams of NaCl or measuring the temperature of an object to be 27 °C

Quantitative observations provide precise and objective data.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: Scientific observations can be classified as _______ or _______.

A

Qualitative or quantitative

This classification helps in the systematic study of matter.

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12
Q

True or False: Qualitative observations involve numerical measurements.

A

False

Qualitative observations are descriptive and do not include numbers.

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13
Q

What is required for careful observations in chemistry?

A

All ideas are open to challenge

This principle encourages critical thinking and scientific inquiry.

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14
Q

What is chemistry?

A

Transformation and Behavior of matter

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15
Q

other term for atomic and molecular level?

A

Microlevel

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16
Q

It is examining results to see if there are alternative ways to interpret data

A

Scientific Method

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17
Q

What is the simplest type of matter?

A

Element

Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down further.

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18
Q

How many elements are recorded on the periodic table?

A

118

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19
Q

What is an atom?

A

Smallest indivisible unit of an element

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20
Q

Define a chemical compound.

A

Substance formed when two or more elements are combined in a defined ratio

21
Q

What is a molecule?

A

Collection of atoms held together by chemical bonds

22
Q

What characterizes pure substances?

A

Contain only one type of element or compound and have a fixed chemical composition

23
Q

List some physical properties.

A
  • Physical state
  • Color
  • Viscosity
  • Opacity
  • Density
  • Conductivity
  • Melting and boiling points
24
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Substance made up of two or more elements or compounds that have not reacted chemically

25
Q

What are the two types of mixtures?

A
  • Homogeneous
  • Heterogeneous
26
Q

What defines a homogeneous mixture?

A

Constant composition throughout the material

27
Q

What defines a heterogeneous mixture?

A

No uniform composition

28
Q

How can mixtures be separated?

A

By physical means

29
Q

List methods for separating mixtures.

A
  • Solubility
  • Filtration
  • Density
  • Decantation and centrifugation
  • Boiling point
  • Distillation
  • State of matter
  • Chromatography
  • Magnetism
30
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A
  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Gas
31
Q

What is the characteristic of solids?

A

Have a definite shape and closely packed particles

32
Q

What is the characteristic of liquids?

A

Flow and take on the shape of the container

33
Q

What is the characteristic of gases?

A

No fixed shape or volume; particles are spaced widely apart

34
Q

What is a physical change?

A

Change in the physical property of a substance without altering its chemical composition

35
Q

What is the melting point?

A

Temperature at which a solid is converted to a liquid

36
Q

What is the freezing point?

A

Temperature at which a liquid is converted to a solid

37
Q

What is the boiling point?

A

Temperature at which a liquid is converted to a gas

38
Q

What are intensive properties?

A
  • Color
  • State of matter
  • Melting point
  • Boiling point
  • Density
  • Solubility
  • Viscosity
  • Ductility
  • Conductivity
  • Malleability
39
Q

What do chemical properties involve?

A

Chemical change in a material and substances interacting with other chemicals

40
Q

Define a chemical change.

A

Change in the chemical composition of the material

41
Q

True or False: Methanol is highly flammable because it reacts with oxygen in the air.

A

True

42
Q

they are pure substances; cannot be broken down further

A

Element

43
Q

substance formed when 2 or more elements are combined in a defined ration

A

Chemical Compound

44
Q

collection of atoms held together by chemical bonds

A

Molecule

45
Q

contain only one type of element/ compound and fixed chemical composition

A

Pure Substances

46
Q

made up of 2 or more elements/compounds that haven’t reacted chemically; not a pure substance

A

Mixture

47
Q

constant composition

A

Homogeneous

48
Q

no uniform composition

A

Heterogeneous

49
Q

substances interacting with other chemicals

A

Chemical Property

Exam Flashcards (4 decks)

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