CHLOROPLAST Flashcards
— are thought to have become a part of a certain eukaryotic cells.
ENDO=—
CHLOROPLAST
INSIDE
___ The first eukaryotic cell was probably an amoeba-like cell.
Chloroplast have their own separate ___.
New chloroplast are formed tru ____
Chloroplast from___
Mitochondria from ___
ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY
DNA
BINARY FISSION/SPLITTING
CYANOBACTERIA
AEROBIC BACTERIA
___ = cyanin means aqua colored.
All ___ are photosynthetic bacteria.
CYAN
CYANOBACTERIA
___ found in algal and plant cells.
Produce energy tru photosynthesis
Greek word = ____ mean green / ___ means formed.
__% of the leaf protein.
CHLOROPLAST
KHLOROS
PLASTES
50
___ obtain nutrients from other plants, Lost the genes coding.
Found in the cells of the mesophyll (leaves), round, ___ or __ shaped body, convert light energy into relatively stable chemical energy.
RAFFLESIA
OVAL
DISK
CHLOROPLAST
3 types of plastids
___ color plastids, found in flower.
___ green-colored plastids, called chlorophyll.
___ colorless plastids, used for storage of starch, lipids, proteins.
CHROMOPLAST
CHLOROPLAST
LEUCOPLAST
PARTS OF CHLOROPLAST
___ signal transduction, protein import, lipid biosynthesis, & remodeling, exchange of ions.
___ space between inner and outer membranes.
___ separates the stroma from the intermembrane space.
OUTER MEMBRANE
INTERMEMBRANE SPACE
INNER MEBRANE
Inner membrane consist of 4 organelles namely;
___ sight for the process of light dependent reactions of photosynthesis process.
___ increase efficiency of photosynthesis by keeping GRANA.
___ colorless, alkaline, aqueous, protein rich fluid.
___ considered basic functional units of chloroplasts.
THYLAKOID
STROMA LAMELLA
STROMA
GRANUM
___ fluid that is surrounding the thylakoid.
___ contains enzyme to fix carbon from carbon dioxide.
___ light reaction performed in.
Thylakoid ___ is a continuous aqueous phase.
STROMA
ATP & NADPH
GRANUM
LUMEN
___ Conversion of light energy into chemical energy, happens in regions of a cell.
___ green pigment, traps energy.
___ breaks down water into hydrogen and oxygen atom.
___ supplies hydrogen atoms to carbon dioxide.
___ combines with hydrogen atoms to form carbohydrate.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CHLOROPHYLL
SUNLIGHT
WATER
CARBON DIOXIDE
___ outer layer of cells covering the leaf.
___ thin layer at top of the epidermis. Function = ____/____.
___ Involved in photosynthesis allowing sunlight to penetrate tru its layer. Function = ____/____.
EPIDERMIS
WAXY CUTICLE = REDUCE/PREVENT WATER LOSS.
UPPER EPIDERMIS = PREVENT WATER FROM GETTING OUT /PREVENT UNWANTED SUBS TO GET IN.
___ primary location of Photosynthesis in the plant.
___ where photosynthesis mostly occur.
___ cells are not as closely packed, creates ___.
___ bottom layer of the lead / 1 cell thick
___ hole can be found here (leaves).
___ formed by 2 highly specialized epidermis cells.
MESOPHYLL
PALISADE MESOPHYLL
SPONGY MESOPHYLL LAYER = AIR SPACE.
LOWER EPIDERMIS
STOMATA
GUARD CELLS
___ Process by which evaporation of water from leaf surface draws water from roots upward.
___ provides transport of materials. (Carries give 2 ex.)
___ water and mineral transport.
___ sugar and food transport.
TRANSPIRAION
VEINS = WATER, MINERAL.
XYLEM
PHLOEM
___ organic molecule that absorbs light.
Found in chloroplast.
Gives leaves, flowers, fruits colors.
PIGMENTS
3 TYPES OF PIGMENTS
___ (___) main photosynthetic pigments. Cyanobacteria
___ plays a crucial role in converting light energy.
___ (___) present in plants, green algae, etc.
___ (___) found n diatoms.
___ (___) present only in red alge
CHLOROPHYLL A
CHLOROPHYLL B
CHLOROPHYLL C
CHLOROPHYLL D
___ absorbs red, yellow, blue light.
___ gives plants yellow, red/orange pigment, known as accessory pigment.
___ found in the vacuole, anthocyanin.
CHLOROPHYLL A,B,C,D
CAROTENOIDS
FLAVANOIDS
The initial stage of photosynthesis.
Traps light energy from sunlight.
Thylakoid membrane.
Photolysis and phosphorylation.
ATP AND NADPH.
LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTION
Does not need light.
Occurs in stroma.
Divided into 3 main stages;
DARK INDEPENDENT REACTION/CALVIN CYCLE.
CARBON FIXATION
REDUCTION &
REGENERATION
FACTOR AFFECTING PHOTOSYNTHESIS
___ without enough light, a plant cannot photosynthesize very quickly.
___ concentration even if there is plenty of light, cannot photosynthesize (insufficient carbon dioxide).
___ if gets too cold, the rate of photosynthesis will decrease
LIGHT INTENSITY
CARBON DIOXIDE
TEMPERATURE
