CHLOROPHYLL

Question 1

It is the only biological process that can capture energy that originates in outer space (sunlight) and convert it into chemical compounds (carbohydrates) that every organism uses to power its metabolism.

Answer 1

Photosynthesis

Question 2

Photo = _____
Synthesis = _____

Answer 2

light, to join

Question 3

_____, _____, and a group of bacteria called _____ are the only organisms capable of performing photosynthesis. Because they use light to manufacture their own food, they are called _____ (literally, “self-feeders using light”).

Answer 3

PHOTOAUTOTROPHS
- Plants, algae, and cyanobacteria

Question 4

Other organisms, such as _____, _____ and most other _____, are termed _____ (“other feeders”), because they must rely on the sugars produced by photosynthetic organisms for their energy needs.

Answer 4

HETEROTROPHS
- animals, fungi,

Question 5

group of bacteria synthesize sugars, not by using sunlight’s energy, but by extracting energy from inorganic chemical compounds.

Answer 5

CHEMOAUTOTROPHS

Question 6

PHOTOSYNTHESIS chemical formula

Answer 6

6CO2 + 6H2O - C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 7

The Sites of Photosynthesis in Plants

Answer 7

Chloroplasts

Question 8

Chloroplasts are found mainly in the cells of the _____, the tissue in the interior of the leaf.

Answer 8

mesophyll

Question 9

A chloroplast has an envelope of two membranes surrounding a dense fluid called the _____.

Answer 9

stroma

Question 10

Suspended within the stroma is a third membrane system, made up of sacs called _____, which segregates the stroma from the thylakoid space inside these sacs.

Answer 10

thylakoids

Question 11

In some places, thylakoid sacs are
stacked in columns called _____ (singular, _____).

Answer 11

grana/granum

Question 12

_____, the green pigment that gives leaves their color, resides in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast.

Answer 12

Chlorophyll

Question 13

• _____ are molecules that absorb wavelengths of light.
• Plants make an amazing
  variety of _____ molecules.

Answer 13

Pigments

Question 14

Most pigments absorb only some wavelengths; they reflect or transmit other wavelengths. The pigments found in chloroplasts are capable of absorbing various portions of visible light. This is called their
_____.

Answer 14

absorption spectrum

Question 15

Most common types are known as
chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b.
Chlorophyll a absorbs light at a
wavelength of about _____ nm
and _____ nm while Chlorophyll
b at _____ and at _____ nm.

Answer 15

Chlorophyll a - 400-450 and 650-700
Chlorophyll b - 450-500 and 600-650

Question 16

The primary pigment of photosynthesis is _____.

Answer 16

chlorophyll a

Question 17

______ is anaccessory pigmentbecause it is not necessary for photosynthesis to occur.

Answer 17

Chlorophyll b

Question 18

Carotenoids absorb light maximally between _____ nm and _____ nm and appear red, orange, or yellow to us.

Answer 18

460 nm and 550 nm