china terms Flashcards
role of the chinese communist party
-maintains direct control over the government and bureaucracy
-party officials in all aspects of government, economic, and social activity
-appoints, promotes, transfers, and fires all high level state, party, and public industry personell
in china, party is more powerful than state
→ From Mrs. Hawkins: one party state! secretive/lacks transparency. Currently dominated by elitist faction that prioritizes economic growth.
great firewall
an effort by the government to control social media. they employ human monitors and filters (including the blocking of certain words), and they totally blocked facebook, twitter, and instagram
→ From Mrs. Hawkins: ex of how the government limits civil liberties
hukou system
system that divides chinese people into rural and urban classes. being defined as rural limits access to social services and competition is tight to earn the urban hukou benefits
→ From Mrs. Hawkins: has exacerbated urban v. rural cleavages and economic inequality.
impact of one child policy
- the killing of baby girls
- more men than women in china
- only children are overly coddled/insufficently socialized
- unstable pension system with more old people than young people
→ From Mrs. Hawkins: has increased the median age as a result of decreasing fertility rates
impact of floating population
definition- rural chinese who leave the rural hukou designation to work in the city
- threatens legitimacy of gov
- people end up without social services (healthcare, housing, education)
national party congress vs national people’s congress
party congress
- representatives of the party
-not real policymaking, announces “line” of party
-meets only every five years
people’s congress
- highest STATE organ
- manages day to day responsibilities for the country
- still under party oversight
→ From Mrs. Hawkins: Peoples = unicameral legislature, rubber stamp, NOT directly elected
one country two systems
chinese promise to hong kong that they get 50 years transitional years of relative autonomy
→ From Mrs. Hawkins: China has been stripping Hong Kong of political rights and civil liberties
parallel hierarchies/organizational parallelism
all government branches are duplicated at every level of organization with a corresponding part of the party
role of people’s liberation army
-tool of the state to crush opposition
-worlds largest military force
-tool to influence global interests
politburo
-“political bureau”
-“selected” by the central committee
-“elect” politburo standing committee
-china’s cabinet, each member has responsibilities
→ From Mrs. Hawkins: NOT the cabinet because it is a PARTY organization, not a government institution
elitist/princeling faction
economy trumps equality, more focused on economic growth and integration of global economy than social problems like the environment
rule of law in china
the leaders rule BY law, they don’t submit to rule OF law
→ From Mrs. Hawkins: judiciary is NOT independent. No judicial review.
special economic zones
zones with tax breaks and incentives for foreign investment, trying to reintegrate chinese economy
→ From Mrs. Hawkins: ex of economic liberalization
state capitalism
-the party has tight control over economy despite being capitalist
-attempt to foster growth
role of state council
- the primary organ of daily gov activity
- oversees bureaucratic institutions
- formulates/implements most of china’s laws
→ From Mrs. Hawkins: the State Council is a government organization overseen by the CCP. It functions as “the government” and is led by the head of government who is the premier.
