China's economy today Flashcards
What is a special economic zone? (SEZ)
An area were businesses are able to develop without government control.
Where did China limited its SEZs?
Along the pacific coast.
Why did China limited its SEZs in the coast?
Because it would promote and facilitate overseas trading.
Where was the first SEZ established?
In Shenzhen
How did Chinese leaders encouraged trading and foreign investing in the SEZs?
By offering lower taxes and fewer regulations in imports and exports.
What persuaded regional companies and multinational coorporations to open branches in the country?
The lower wages paid to Chines Workers.
How do economists base the size of a country’s economy ?
Based on de GDP (Gross Domestic Product).
What is the Gross Domestic Product ?
It is the total value of goods and services produced in a country in a certain year. It increases a 10 percent each year in China.
What are China’s main economy industries ?
Mining & iron and steel manufacturing. Also the country is known for its exports of clothing, electronics and toys.
Where do most of China’s exports go to ?
To the United States, about 20% of the exports.
In China’s borders, what kind of activities do service industries provide?
Banking, insurance, trade, communication, education, health care, recreation and transportation. Tourism is growing and becoming fundamental in the economy.
What role has agriculture in China’s economy and GDP?
It contributes little, only 15% of the land is arable. However, it produces most of the food it needs for it large population.
To slow the population growth, what action took the government ?
The one-child-policy in 1979
What is the one child policy?
Is a policy that limits families to have only one child. The ones that complied were rewarded with more food, improved housing, better education and job opportunities for that child.
What happened with the families who didn’t follow the one child policy ?
They had to pay large fines.
What are the exceptions of the one child policy ?
Minority populations, rural families may have 2 or more children. Also in 2011 the government loosen the policy to provinces with low birth rates.
What is the “fertility rate”?
It is the average number of children born per woman.
What has the one child policy improved in China according to the government?
It has improved the standard of living for may Chinese people. The fertility rate has reduced meaning that the policy has worked.
What is the one child policy’s biggest long term impact?
The age distribution of China. If less people are being born, then there will be more elder people than young, and not enough people to take care of the old.
What is one of the one child policy’s unintended impact?
If child is an only child, then they grow as being spoiled by their parents and selfish. When they grow up, parents complain that their children only care about their own lives and careers. In the past most children were respectful.
What is the difference between China’s and India’s population?
The age, about 50% of Indias population is under 25. China’s population is bigger, but studies predict that India’s will be bigger by 2030.
India doesn’t have population policies like China. Instead what does India encourages?
The advancement and education for its women. India believes that educated women are most likely to have smaller families.
Also the government offers bonuses to women in rural areas to star a family and agree to have fewer children.
The Three Georges Dam in China (Chang Jiang) is the largest in the world. Why was it built?
- To prevent flooding along the eastern part of the river between Chungking and Wuhan.
- To generate hydroelectricity.
- Promote economic development.
- Make navigation easier along the Chang Jiang.
What is the geographic feature name for where the Three Georges Dam was built?
A gorge.
