China one child policy Flashcards
In what year did China become a communist country?
1949
What did the population grow to?
500 million to 1.2 billion
What was the campaign introduced?
The later, longer, fewer campaign was introduced as non-coercive government guidance
What did this campaign highlight?
Advice and advantages of smaller family sizes and reduce the fertility rate in the 1960s.
What was the problem in 1970?
The total population was still increasing with 800 million as an ideal population. However a figure of 1.2 billion could be accommodated with economic growth.
What date was the one child policy introduced?
25th September 1980
How did they enforce the one child policy?
The did this through fines, forced abortions and compulsory sterilisations.
When was the one child policy abandoned?
January 2016
Why was the policy abandoned?
In hope to address the increasing problem of the ageing population.
What is the increased affluence associated with?
Lower fertility levels
What was the total fertility rate in 2003?
1.7 TFR
What is the economic benefit of smaller family sizes?
More spending power is created for the families which increases the quality of life for the entire population especially in urban areas.
What has the proportion of older people (over 60s) increased by?
It has increased from 7% to 10% from 1853-2000 and is predicted to reach 27% by 2050.
What the the problem with a higher ageing population?
State care is very expensive so the independent population will have to pay more tax and retire later to provide healthcare.
What accusations were made towards Chinese culture?
High levels of female infanticide which has created a gender imbalance within the population.
What is the gender imbalance?
In 2000, there were 120 males for every 100 females
Problems with gender imbalance?
Provides future social problems such as difficulty finding a partner
How has the age of marriage differed over the 30 years the one child policy existed?
It increased from 18 in 1960 to 22 years old in 2000.
Why did the age of marriage differ?
More women are getting educated and pursuing a career before starting a family
How did TFR differ from 1950 to 2003?
It reduced from 6.2 to 1.7
How is family structure impacted?
Children are growing up with no siblings so the next generation will have no aunts, uncles or cousins. Which has created spoilt brat syndrome.
What did the policy completely ignore when introduced?
Human rights
From 1979 onwards how many abortions took place?
350 million
What s TFR in 2014?
1.54
How has GDP differed from 1980 to 2015?
It has increased from $310 to $7924
What is the population of China currently?
1.3 billion
