CHINA case study Flashcards
Population in 2015:
Population of 1.36 billion
20% of the world total then.
1950 deaths rate
18/1000
Life expectancy of 1950
35 years
Death rate in 2002
Rose to 7.4/1000 due to aging population
life expectancy in 2002
74 years
The birth rate fell from
Why the need
-The projections for population growth showed that the country would suffer food shortages and limited resources
- stopping pop growth allowed resources to be better used in industry boom
- life expectancy rise:
-Lowered death rate
- life expectancy rose from 36 (1950) to 67 ( 1979)
No women under 20 could
marry
baby permit needed to have babies,
Only issued to
women of the right age with no kids
Pregnancy without licence
encouraged abortion
Incentives
free contraception and pre-natal classes
If you had a child with a license
you received free nursery care and education for the child
Severe fine but no consequence given to couples keeping
a second child
Women with one kid were
sterilized
Rural areas were allowed two kids but they had to have
a two year gap
Enforcement
-long history of the govs influence over people’s daily lives
- nominated leaders in state owned factories and farms would enforce
- GRANNY POLICE street level women who would check families followed rules and reported
How many boys to girls
117/100
How many births were prevented from 1979- 2011
200-400 million
boy preference meant
-girls aborted, given away or killed at birth
-Less women now to produce kids
- prediction of declining age/sex structure.
fewer children to support older generations
older generations rely on
- retirement savings
- charity
Only children so spoiled so less were forced to work
Created stay at home kids now.
Policy violates human rights
forced sterilisation is against human rights
Two child policy becomes universal in :
Why:
-2015
-government anxious as elderly dependency ratio increasing
