China

Question 1

3 sets of institutions

Answer 1

Party, State, Military

Question 2

Dual Role

Answer 2

State institutions not key policy making force, supervised by those above and paralleled by military and party. “multi-directional authority”

Question 3

National Party Congress

Answer 3

-2000 people elected by provincial party congress

Meets once every few years to rubber stamp policies from standing committee and to formally elect central committee

Question 4

Partys Central Committee

Answer 4

Infrequent meeting of -300 top officials
Broad agreement on policy direction
Formally chooses politburo and standing committee

Question 5

Politburo’s Standing Committee

Answer 5

24 seat party cabinet
7 members serve as inner cabinet (chaired by president/ party general secretary)
Decisions often formally announced and rubber stamped in national peoples congress
subject to major factional battles

Question 6

Peoples Liberation Army

Answer 6

Crucial to success of communists to fight nationalists+remains a powerful force today
If it wasn’t for the military struggle there would not be a PRC

Question 7

Chinese Military and Security Forces

Answer 7

Officers often hold corresponding position in politics
Central military commission (cabinet for military) chaired by president
Opposes anyone who may question their power

Question 8

Judiciary branch

Answer 8

formal 3rd branch
no historic tradition of judicial review
no constitutional court capable of conducting judicial review

Question 9

Kind of state

Answer 9

Unitary but with power increasingly decentralized to local governments

Question 10

China’s 1982 constitution

Answer 10

Explicitly states that all government operates “under the leadership of the Communist Party of China”

Question 11

What parallel structures make up the Chinese Government?

Answer 11

Formal state, party, military

Question 12

Distribution of power in China’s central government

Answer 12

China’s executive is the most powerful branch, with little separation of power between other branches

Question 13

Standing Committee of the Politburo

Answer 13

Where ultimate policy-making power lie within China’s government

Question 14

Roles filled by President

Answer 14

Leader of the Party’s standing committee of the politburo
head of states and formal chief executive
party general secretary
chairman of the central military commission