China Flashcards
Politically sensitive/influential jobs such as high-level state, party, and even public industry personnel that are staffed by people approved/ chosen by the CCP
nomenklatura
The 100 years that the Chinese faced at the hands of western and Japanese imperialists despite the empire’s 4000 year proud civilization.
Century of Humiliation
Completed in 2008, it is the largest dam ever constructed and generates millions of kilowatts of electricity and prevents flooding. It destroyed many historical sites, caused environmental damage, and increased seismic activity
Three gorges dam
The main ethnic group in China which makes up over 90 percent of the population
Han
Explain the “Parallel Organizational System”
it is a system in which all government legislative, executive, and administrative agencies are “paralleled” in every level of the party
A Maoist system in which all urban Chinese citizens have a specific unit of work that they would stick with their whole life. This would decide many aspects of their life and social benefits.
Danwei
A system similar to and supporting of Danwei in which all citizens were fixed to a geographic location.
Hukou
This is one of the consequences of the relaxation of social control: almost 300 million workers have left their rural hukou designation for employment in the cities because they don’t have a hukou designation in either the city or the countryside, they don’t get public goods that other people get.
“Floating Population”
Xi Jinping’s policy vision of “the rejuvenation of the great chinese nation” in which china would become a “moderately well-off society” by 2021 and a fully developed country by 2049.
Chinese Dream
A form of outlawed meditation of which an estimated 50,000 practitioners of it and numerous other religious arts have been captered as political prisoners
Falun Gong
constitutionally the highest organ of the state as the unicameral legislative branch despite the party still overseeing all governmental action.
National People’s Congress
the party’s representative body that is similar to an American party nominating convention. It has over 2,000 delegates and is too unwieldy with not nearly enough meetings to really make any policies. Its sessions have been used to make announcements for changes.
National Party Congress
The army, navy and air force which, despite Mao wanting the party to be in control of it, fought against the party on multiple occasions
People’s Liberation Army
List the five most important Chinese leaders in order
- Mao Zedong (1935-76)
- Deng Xiaoping (1997-92)
- Jiang Zemin (1992-2002)
- Hu Jintao (2002-12)
- Xi Jinping (2012-current)
Private entrepreneurs who despite being capitalist get all the benefits of economic reform and social stability and therefore do not challenge the state or the party.
Red capitalists
The party-state’s massive control over social media which has been surprisingly successful through hundreds of thousands of human monitors, censorship, and filtering software.
golden shield
A system that is not yet fully functional that will keep track of all chinese people’s financial, social, and political actions through monitoring their actual and virtual activities and assign them a credit score.
Social credit score
Mao’s promise of lifetime employment, and healthcare as well as retirement security for all Chinese people as part of the communist political-economic model at the time.
iron rice bowl
Mao’s policy of setting politically indoctrinated party cadres over those with actual economic training.
Reds versus Experts
A term used to describe China’s economy that means it is capitalist-ish with socialist qualities.
State Capitalism
The official name for the ruling party of China
Chinese communist party (CCP)
Who is Xi Jiping and what are some of his achievements?
he has been the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC), and thus the leader of China, since 2012. Xi formed the anti-corruption campaign and has decentralized the Chinese economy to its current political-economic system of state-capitalism.
Who is Mao Zedong and what are some of his achievements?
During the repression of the CCP the power within the party shifted to the hands of Mao Zedong. His view differed from the Marxist convention (which believed that the proletariat must bring about the communist revolution) in that he believed a communist revolution could be won by a revolutionary army built from the peasant class. As the leader of China from 1935 to 1976, he brought about the great leap forward and the cultural revolution
Who is Deng Xiaoping and what are some of his achievements?
He was one of the next leaders after Mao’s death and was himself a victim of the cultural revolution. He gained power in late 1978. He pursued modernization regardless of communist ideology. He cultivated foreign relations and the privatization of industries. He brought about openness and restructuring
