Children are not small adults Flashcards
1
Q
What is a child?
A
- Anyone under 18
- In Scotland, paediatrics generaly refers to under 16s
2
Q
What are the 4Ps that make children different than adults?
A
- Physical
- Physiological
- Psychological
- Pathologies
3
Q
How do children differ physical form adults?
A
They are smaller but also disproportionate
4
Q
How does children’s physiology differ?
A
- Surface area: volume
- % water content
- Metabolic reserves
Therefore get more easily
- Cold
- Dehydrated
- Hypoglycaemic
- Faster pulse and RR
- Lower blood pressure
5
Q
What is ketotic hypoglycaemia?
A
- Children completely run out of glycogen
- 6-7am hypoglycaemic episode
- 1-2 year old
- Skinny
- Intercurrent illness
6
Q
Name some pathological conditions not seen in adults?
A
- Abdominal migraine
- Bronchiolitis
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- Croup
- Enuresis
- Febrile convulsion
- Glue ear
- Intraventricular haemorrhage
- Necrotising enterocolitis
- Non accidental injury
- Sudden unexplained death of infants
- Toddler’s diarrhoea
- Vesico-ureteric reflux
- Viral induced wheeze
7
Q
Give examples of chronic conditions with childhood onset?
A
- Asthma (COPD)
- Autism
- Cerebral palsy
- Cystic fibrosis
- Gastroschisis
- Hirschsprungs disease
- Spina bifida
8
Q
Give examples of reasons why a child may be admitted to hospital with an acute medical problem?
A
- Acute LRTI
- Asthma
- Bronchiolitis
- Croup
- Febrile convulsion
- Fever
- Gastroenteritis
- URTI
- Vomiting
- Wheeze
