CHILDREN Flashcards
Name all developmental stages of CLA
Vegetative noise, cooing, babbling, proto-word, holophrastic, two-word, telegraphic, post-telegraphic (3+)
What does Gleeson’s Wug Test examine
Capacity for morphology & virtuous errors
What did Bloom say
Environment produces different levels of vocabulary
What makes up 60% of what Nelson studied as first words?
Naming
Who coined over/underextensions?
Rescorla in 1980
What are the types of extensions?
Categorical (eg calling all fruits apples), analogical (based on function eg calling anything fluffy a cat), predicate (complete mismatch based on context) & underextension
What are Aitchison’s (1987) stages of learning a word?
Labelling (linking word 2 thing), packaging (exploring extent of label) & network building (connecting labels)
Can animals learn language?
No!!!
What are some common pronunciation issues in children?
Addition & deletion, reduplication, substitution, consonant cluster reduction, assimilation
What emerges with the post-telegraphic stage?
Auxiliaries, articles & prepositions
What is the final frontier of CLA
Politeness
Who are the dominant nativist & behaviourist linguists?
Noam Chomsky & B.F. Skinner
What did Chomsky believe abt CLA?
All humans can learn language regardless of poverty of stimulus
What did Skinner believe abt CLA?
Positive & negative reinforcement dictates development similar 2 other skills
What are some examples of first words?
Genie “Doctor” & Deb Roy Speech Home Project “Water” (both naming)
What did the Genie case study prove?
Eric Lenneberg’s critical period hypothesis
What are the two uses for language according 2 vigotsky?
Communication & basis for thought
What did Fifer discover?
Babies recognise their mother’s voice in the womb
What is the job of a more knowledgable other?
To “co-construct the world” by helping facilitate difficult ideas
What was Genie (& Victor of Ayeron) a manifestation of?
The forbidden experiment
What’s a problem with the Genie study?
She may have been developmentally disabled from birth, or suffered developmental issues due to the abuse
What did Tchernikovski analyse
Zebra finches learning their song after not hearing it from their parents
What would a MKO do in order 2 help a child develop language?
Scaffold critique
What did Marie Clay say?
Children’s interaction’s with writing are often imitated in their own work (for example alliteration & anthropomorphism)
What are Perera’s stages of writing?
Preparation (up to 6), consolidation (7-8), differentiation (9-10), integration (11+)
What did Shirley Bryce Heath discover about Australian families?
Affluent middle-class children whose families developed literacy formally by using books, did better in school than their classmates
What did Gunther-Kress say?
Children construct their own “worlds” within stories
What are some common virtuous errors in writing?
Insertion & omission, substitution, transposition, phonetic spelling, generalisation, salient sounds
What are the four genres as defined by Martin & Rothery?
Observation, recount, report, narrative
What key features does writing involve?
Orthography, graphology & mechanical skill
