Childhood Musculoskeletal Presentations Flashcards
What is the name of the growth plate in growing bones?
Physis
What is developmental dysplasia in the hip?
In children and babies with developmental dysplasia of the hip, the hip joint hasn’t formed properly.
This means the ball is loose in the socket and can easily pop out
- depending on the severity a person may have a permanently dislocated hip (making the leg shorter), or an easily dislocatable hip (where the head of the femur is easily pushed out of the acetabulum)
What is a slipped upper femoral epiphysis?
A hp condition that occurs in teens and pre-teens who are still growing.
The ball at the head of the femur slips (At the physis) off the neck of the bone in a backwards direction
What is the difference between a stable and an unstable slipped upper epiphysis?
Stable - the patient can walk or bear weight on the affected hip - most common Unstable - patient can't walk of bear weight - requires urgent treatment - complications are more common
How can arthritis affect bone growth in children?
It can cause local or total growth acceleration.
This can lead to limbs/body parts being to big initially, but also to stop growing sooner
- eventually the affected parts will be too small compared to the rest of the body
What is the definition juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
Disease of childhood onset, characterised primarily by arthritis persisting for at least 6 weeks and currently having no known cause
What is juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
Chronic inflammatory arthropathy
Most common rheumatic disease of childhood
Clinical diagnosis with no diagnostic tests
A group of diseases
Overlaps with adult inflammatory arthropathies
- important differences in children
What are the different names of the disease that gives a seropositive Rh factor test, or an anti-CCP positive test for both children and adults?
Adults - Rheumatoid arthritis Children - RF +ve polyarthritis - RF negative polyarthritis
What are the different names of seronegative arthritis for both children and adults?
- associated with enthesitis and HLA-B27
Adults - ankylosing spondylitis - inflammatory bowel disease related arthritis - psoriatic arthritis - reactive arthritis Children (corresponding) - enthesitis related arthritis - inflammatory bowel disease related arthritis - psoriatic arthritis - reactive arthritis
What are the different names of the arthritis caused by autoinflammatory disease for both children and adults?
Adults -pooface - Adult Still's disease Children - systemic JIA
What is the most common cause of a single joint border arthritis in children?
Oligoarthritis
What eye condition is associated with oligoarthritis in children?
Uveitis
- inflammation of the middle layer of the eye (the uvea - the iris, the ciliay body and the chorioid)
Describe the pattern of fever in systemic arthritis?
Temperature rises and falls above and below the normal
What is systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
Affects children and young people
Joint pain as a part of a general illness involving fever, tiredness, rash, loss of appetite and weight loss
What is an enthesis?
Insertion of tendon, ligament, joint capsule or fascia into bone
