Childhood Disorders Flashcards
Is a behavior disorder characterized by impairement in social communication, social interaction, and social imagination
Autism
Children who appear normal in their first several years then lose skills and begin showing autistic behavior may be diagnosed with ……
Childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD)
People with autistic behavior but also have well-developed language skills are often diagnosed with ……
Asperger Syndrome
Causes of autism
Organic cause
- prenatal problems
- untreated metabolic disorder
- anticonvulsant meds taken during pregnancy
- postnatal infections
Genetic factors
Symptoms of autism
Absence of imaginative play Impaired ability to make friends Impaired ability to sustain a convo Unusual language use Abnormal focus in interests
How is autism diagnosed?
Multidisciplinary approach
- standardized rating scale (evaluate child’s language and social behavior)
- structured interview (for parents, about children’s behavior and early development)
Treatment for autism
Supportive therapy
Nursing management for autism
Determine routines and specific ways the child communicates Evaluate and implement safety Monitor stress and anxiety Avoid placing demands Provide support for parents
Is a problem with inattentiveness, hyperactivity, impulsivity or a combination
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
or Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD)
Causes of ADHD/ADD
Deficits in neurotransmitters Neurologic impairement Prenatal trauma Early manlnutrition Maternal drug use during pregnancy
Test for ADHD/ADD
Clinical evaluation
Treatment for ADHD/ADD
Behavioral modification
Psychological therapy
Drug therapy
Nursing management for ADHD/ADD
Limit distractions Provide one-on-one education Give one simple instruction at a time Enough sleep Healthy diet Environmental and physical safety measures Support for parents Give meds in the morning and afternoon
Is a condition diagnosed before age 18 that includes below-average general intellectual function, and a lack of the skills necessary for daily living.
Mental retardation
Causes of mental retardation
Infections before and after birth Chromosomal abnormalities Genetic Malnutrition Toxic chemicals Trauma before and after birth
