Childhood Disease III

Question 1

fibrous tumors are most often what

Answer 1

benign

Question 2

what is the only malignant fibrous tumor we talked about

Answer 2

congenital infantile fibrosarcoma

Question 3

what does infantile myofibromatosis look like

Answer 3

nodules on infant

Question 4

what is the most common fibrous tumor in infants

Answer 4

infantile myofibromatosis

Question 5

aggressive infantile fibromatosis

Answer 5

still benign but can grow large and infiltrate

myofibroblast cells infiltrate skeletal muscle

Question 6

what is the most common solid tumor in the newborn

Answer 6

sacroccygeal teratoma

Question 7

what is the most common solid congenital malignancy

Answer 7

congenital neuroblastoma

Question 8

most of the sacrococcygeal tertomas detected before 4 months of age are _______

Answer 8

benign

Question 9

what is the second leading cause of death from disease in age 5-14

Answer 9

malignancy

Question 10

what are teh 3 major sources of childhood malignancy

Answer 10

hematopoiectic
nervous
renale

Question 11

why does childhood malignancy have a favorable prognosis

Answer 11

tendency of spontaneous regression

Question 12

neuroblastoma

Answer 12

malignant tumor of primaritvie sympathetic cells

affects adrenal medulla, sympathetic ganglia

Question 13

what is the cause of 10% of all childhood cancers

Answer 13

neuroblastoma

Question 14

what are some symptoms of neuroblastoma

Answer 14

abdominal mass
weight loss
ascities

Question 15

how does neuroblastoma affect blood

Answer 15

increased catecholamines

Question 16

how does neuroblastoma affect urine

Answer 16

increased VMA and HVA

Question 17

buzzword for neuroblastoma

Answer 17

blueberry muffin baby

Question 18

what does neuroblastoma look like histologically

Answer 18

small blue round cells

dense core neurosecretory granules

Question 19

what is the most common primary malignant tumor of kidney in children

Answer 19

wilms tumor

Question 20

what is wilms tumor associated with

Answer 20

mutations and congenital malformations

Question 21

symptoms of wilms tumor

Answer 21

abdominal mass
hematuria
fever
hypertension

Question 22

WAGR syndrome

Answer 22

33% risk to have WT
retardations
genital anomalities
no iris

Question 23

denys-drash syndrome

Answer 23

90% risk to have WT
nephropathy
gonadal dysgenesis
gonadoblastoma

Question 24

what is the most common sarcoma of childhood

Answer 24

rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 25

where is rhabdomyosarcoma most often located on the body

Answer 25

head and neck, specifically around the eyes

Question 26

what are the 3 subtypes of rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 26

embryonal
alveolar
pleomorphic

Question 27

what subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma has the worst prognosis

Answer 27

pleomorphic

Question 28

where does embryonoal rhabdomyosarcoma often develop

Answer 28

walls of hollow, mucosal-lined structures

Question 29

some things taht retal alcohol can cause

Answer 29

growth retardnation
microcephaly
short palpebral fissures
maxillary hypoplasia
atrial septal defect

Question 30

neural tube defects

Answer 30

an opening in spinal cord or brain that occurs very early in human development

Question 31

what can reduce the incidence of neural tube defects

Answer 31

folic acid supplements

Question 32

what is the indicator of fetal lung maturity

Answer 32

surfactant

Question 33

what is surfactant

Answer 33

mixture of lipids, proteins, glycoproteins - lecithin and spingomylin

Question 34

neuroblastoma

Answer 34

malignant tumor of primative sympathetic cells

affects adrenal medulla, sympathetic ganglia

Question 35

some things that fetal alcohol can cause

Answer 35

growth retardation
microcephaly
short palpebral fissures
maxillary hypoplasia
atrial septal defect