Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Yr 3 Primary Care - Child dental health > Childhood caries and caries risk assessment > Flashcards

Childhood caries and caries risk assessment Flashcards

1
Q

What contributes to high caries risk (6)?

A 
Medical history
Dietary habits
Clinical evidence
Social History
Plaque control
Use of fluoride
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What aspects of medical history can make an individual a high caries risk? (4)

A

Medically compromised
Physical disabilities
Xerostomia (drug side effect)
Long term cariogenic medicine (try and prescribe sugar free)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What aspects of dietary habits can make an individual a high caries risk? (2)

A

Frequency of sugar intake
Frequency of in between meal snacking
(Stephens curve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What aspects of clinical evidence can make an individual a high caries risk? (6)

A 
Presence of new carious lesions
Premature extractions
Anterior caries or restorations
Multiple restorations
No fissure sealants
Fixed orthodontic appliance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What aspects of social history can make an individual a high caries risk? (6)

A 
Social deprivation
High caries in siblings/ parents
Low knowledge of dental disease
Irregular attendance
Readily available snacks
Low dental aspirations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which aspects of plaque control can make an individual a high caries risk? (2)

A

Infrequent / inefficient cleaning

Poor manual control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which aspects of us of fluoride can make an individual a high caries risk? (3)

A

Drinking unfluoridated water
Using low/no fluoride toothpastes
No fluoride supplements (n.b. not routinely given to children)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What can be the serious consequences of caries in children? (2)

A 
Block airways (due to inflammation)
Stop eating/ drinking due to pain = dehydration, become very ill and death
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the aims of caries risk assessment?

A

At treating the disease process rather than the outcome of the disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does caries risk assessment enable the dentist to do?

A

Individualise treatment - select and determines the frequency of preventative and restorative treatment offered for a patient
Enables anticipation of caries progression or stabilisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the names of the 3 different epidemiological sources of information for paediatrics?

A

Children dental health survey
BASCD survey
National dental epidemiology programme for England, oral health survey of 5 y/o children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tell me about the child dental health survey…

A

Done once every 10 years

The first one in 1973 (the most recent is 2013)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tell me more about the BASCD survey…

A

2 year rolling programme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was identified by the BASCD survey?

A

Regional differences are clear (and the same as previous)
Shown continuing overall improvements in decay in permanent teeth
No significant reduction in decay experience in primary teeth
No improvement in care index (proportion of children who have had treatment for their decay)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was identified by the child dental health survey?

A

Obvious decay slightly decreased from 2003
50% 8 and 15 y/o have decay
Proportion of filled 5 y/o teeth has decreased
Caries experience with D3MFT across regions for 5y/o = NI - 61%, Wales - 52% and England - 41%
2/5 of 15 y/o have experienced problems related to the condition of their teeth or mouth
Severe or extensive tooth decay = NI - 19% 5 y/o and 36% 15y/o, Wales - 22% age 5 and 15, England - 13% 5 y/o and 14% 15 y/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was identified by the national dental epidemiology programme for england, oral health survey of 5 y/o children (2012)?

A

Overall tooth decay in 5 y/o has decreased from 30.9% to 27.9% since 2008
Proportion of children w/ untreated decay has decreased from 27.5% to 24.5% since 2008
Children w/ sepsis in their mouths has decreased from 2.3% to 1.7% since 2008
72.1% of 5 y/o are free from tooth decay (increase from 69.1% in 2008)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is Early Childhood caries (ECC)?

A

The presence of at least 1 decayed (non cavitated or cavitated lesion), missing (due to caries) or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth in a child 71 months of age (just under 6 y/o) or younger

18
Q

What is the most common type of early childhood caries?

A

Bottle caries

19
Q

Why does the incidence of caries increase when children go to secondary school?

A

They get tuck shop money or walk pat the corner shop on their way in and buy sweets and fizzy drinks

20
Q

Why is disclosing very good to help improve a childs brushing?

A

Often it is the same place that we miss and disclosing highlights this area for us

21
Q

What are the dental issues related to cleft?

A

Increase in crowding = more difficult to brush teeth

22
Q

At what age should oral hygiene start?

A

As soon as teeth erupt (this decreases risk of early childhood caries)

23
Q

What is used to make oral hygiene more effective?

A

Small headed toothbrush with soft, round ended filaments, a compact angled arrangement, both long and short filaments with a comfortable handle

24
Q

Which type of toothbrushes are the most effective (in removing plaque and decreasing gingivitis after 3 months of use)?

A

Oscillating rotating powered toothbrushes (rechargeable better than battery powered)

25
Q

What are the different preventative strategies (7)?

A 
Diet
Fluoride
(Radiographs)
Fissure sealants
Oral hygiene 
CPP-ACP
Prevention of maternal s.mutans (e.g. sharing spook and licking off dummy etc.)
26
Q

At what age should infants be encouraged to drink from a cup?

A

1 y/o

weaning from bottle 12-18 months

27
Q

What are the different causes of Early childhood caries (ECC)?

A

Frequent consumption of drinks containing sugars in a bottle (bottle caries)
Long periods of exposure to cariogenic substrate
Low salivary flow at night
Parental history of active untreated caries

28
Q

At what point does breast feeding at will become a risk for ECC?

A

Once teeth start coming trough

Should try and decrease frequency (natural source of sugar = 7% lactose)

29
Q

What is the characteristic appearance of bottle caries?

A

No caries from lower c to c (bottle goes over tongue and salivary ducts)

30
Q

What % of children having primary teeth xla under GA come back to have their 6’s removed?

A

50%

31
Q

What are the characteristics of Early childhood caries (ECC)? (4)

A

Rampant caries (maxillary ant teeth)
Lesions appearing on posterior teeth later on
Canines usually less effected than incisors (later eruption)
Bottle often used as a pacifier to sleep

32
Q

What are the consequences of Early childhood caries (ECC)?

A

Increased risk of new carious lesions
Increased treatment cost and time
Risk for delayed physical growth and development (if stop eating or drinking properly)
Loss of school days and increased days w/ restricted activity
Diminished oral health related quality of life
Hospitalisation and emergency room visits

33
Q

How do we manage Early childhood caries (ECC)? (4)

A

Cessation of habit (dietary advice - i.e. diluting the milk gradually until all water)
Fluoride application
Build up of restorable teeth and xla if required (often under GA)
ADVICE ABOUT ECC NOT BLAME

34
Q

What is the aetiology of Early childhood caries (ECC)?

A

Multifactorial
Related to frequent consumption of sugared drinks, often in a bottle or dinky cup
Night time usage associated w/ increased caries (decreased salivary flow = decreased buffering)
Milk = natural source of sugar
If weaning is difficult bottle feeding is often prolonged (need extra calories to grow)
Children who don’t sleep well being given bottle as comforter (difficult to break habit)
Linear enamel defects may be associated w/ increased risk
Prolonged on demand breast feeding

35
Q

Why is it harder to keep teeth clean in individuals with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI)?

A

Tooth surface rough

Sensitive teeth

36
Q

At what point is success at a review achieved? (5)

A 
If bottle has stopped
If OH practices have changed
No progression of disease
No new lesions
Caries show signs of arrest (dark and hard)
37
Q

How should you explain the diagnosis of Early childhood caries (ECC) to the mother?

A

Show affected teeth
Explain relationship between frequency and duration of contact between sugars and teeth
Explain what happens when teeth are in contact with sugars
Explain which drinks have sugar in them (including fruit juice)
Explain that during the night = increased damage due to less saliva (even milk is a problem at night)

38
Q

What are the 3 main things about your mouth increase you caries risk?

A

Unsealed deep pits and fissures
Low saliva
Wearing intraoral appliance (fixed/partial dentures)

39
Q

What makes an individual low caries risk (6)?

A 
Fluoridated drinking water
Brush teeth 2 X daily with 1000ppm + fluoride toothpaste
Regular dental care
Child is caries free
Child has
40
Q

What makes an individual high caries risk (6)?

A 
Previous caries experience
Poor oral hygiene
Low socioeconomic status
Medically compromised
Night time drinks containing sugar (even milk)
3 + between meal sugar contacts per day

Yr 3 Primary Care - Child dental health (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions