Childhood

Question 1

Pilcher

Answer 1

Idea of childhood as distinct life stage, innocence

Question 2

Benedict

Answer 2

Non-western gave children responsibility and had less adult authority

Question 3

Malinowski

Answer 3

Trobiand islanders took tolerance and amused interest in children’s sexual exploration

Question 4

Aries

Answer 4

10-13th century, children as mini-adults and economic asset due to high IMR and BR

Question 5

Shorter

Answer 5

Parents neglected kids, gave them same name as dead siblings due to high IMR and large families

Question 6

Postman

Answer 6

childhood disappearing, kids wear adult clothing and commit adult crimes, TV and internet have abolished information hierarchy

Question 7

Opie

Answer 7

Childhood is changing there is now separate children’s culture.

Question 8

Jenks

Answer 8

Postmodern era is unstable and chaotic so there are only stable child-parent relations, leading to more protection and care

Question 9

Palmer

Answer 9

Toxic childhood due to junk food, media, and absent parents due to working leads to mental health issues

Question 10

UNICEF

Answer 10

UK ranked 16th out of 29 for children’s wellbeing, with more self-harm, and drug use

Question 11

Stats of IMR and Birth rate

Answer 11

IMR in 1900 was 154 to 4
Birth rate in 1860 was 5.7, 2014 was 1.83
child costs £227,000 by 21st

Question 12

Hillman

Answer 12

Boys allowed out after dark more than girls when unaccompanied

Question 13

Brannen

Answer 13

Asian parents are more strict to daughters

Question 14

Holt

Answer 14

Care and protection are just forms of oppression and control, makes them more economically dependent

Question 15

Childline

Answer 15

20,000 calls per year for physical and sexual abuse

Question 16

Cunningham

Answer 16

Home habitat for 8 year olds, shrunk by 1/9 than 25 years ealier