Child Sexual Exploitation Flashcards
Define Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE)
CSE is a form of child sexual abuse. It occurs where an individual or group takes advantage of an imbalance of power to coerce, manipulate or deceive a child or young person under the age of 18 into sexual activity.
a) In exchange for something they need or want and/or
b) For the financial advantage or increased status of the perpetrator or facilitator
The victim may have been sexually exploited even if the sexual activity appear consensual.
CSE does not always involve physical contact, it can also occur through the use of technology.
What is Child Sexual Exploitation?
- Child sexual exploitation is child abuse
- A power imbalance such as age, gender, intellect, strength and/or
- Economic or other resources
- Sex for food, accommodation, gifts, money, affection
- Violence, Coercion, intimidation
List the types of CSE which exist
- Inappropriate relationships: Usually involving one perpetrator who has inappropriate power or control over a young person. One indicator may be significant age gap. The young person may believe they are in a loving relationship.
- The ‘fake relationship’ model: The perpetrator befriends and grooms a young person into a ‘relationship’ and then coerces or forces them to have sex with friends or associates.
- Organised exploitation and trafficking: Young people (often connected) are passed through networks, possibly over geographical distances, between towns and cities where they may be forced/coerced into sexual activity with multiple perpetrators.
List the vulnerability factors for CSE
- Chaotic or dysfunctional household
- History of abuse
- Recent bereavement or loss
- Friends or associates who are CSE victims
- Learning disabilities
- Unaware of sexual orientation
- Homelessness
- Low self-esteem
- Lacking friends of the same age group
List signs and behaviours of CSE
- Evidence of drug/alcohol use
- Unexplained physical injuries
- Self harming/suicidal thoughts or tendencies
- Displaying inappropriate sexualized behaviour
- Truancy
- Unexplained gifts or new possessions
- Going missing/regularly returning home late
- Estranged from family
List grooming methods for CSE
- Use of new technologies
- Mobile phones
- Alcohol/drugs
- Money/gifts
- Blackmail - ‘sexting’
- ‘Love’
What actions can we take as police offices in relation to CSE?
- Identification of potential suspects
- PNC and PND checks of potential offenders
- Check the CSE flags on offender and victim
- Initial response to a reported missing child/young person
- Thorough search of the MISPER’s last known address
- Child protection register checks
- Submission of intelligence logs
- Link all know associates and addresses to occurrence
- Safeguarding/PPN submission
Describe a Child Abduction Warning Notice
Formerly known as ‘Harbourers Warning Notices’
There are two types of CAWNs:
Section 2 Child Abduction Act 1984 if the child is under 16 years
Section 49 Children Act 1989 if the child is under 18 years and in local authority care
Child Abduction Warning Notices are issued to suspects who are believed to place children at risk of offences being committed against them.
List offences to consider in relation to CSE
- Rape/assault by penetration
- Arranging or facilitating a child sex offence
- Meeting a child following sexual grooming
- Paying for the sexual services of a child
- Section 2 Child Abduction Act 1984
- Section 47-51 of the Sexual Offences Act 2003
- Human Trafficking and Modern
List locations for concern for CSE
- Shopping centres
- Arcades
- Cafes
- Take away food outlets
- Alcohol outlets including shops, off licences
- Pubs/clubs
- Public parks
- Car parks
- Hotels/B&Bs (op makesafe)
